# From Facts to Insights: A Persona-Driven Dual Memory Framework and Dataset for Role-Playing Agents

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.25693 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.25693/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 23 of its 35 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 25 May 2026.

## Builds on (most cited first, 23 of 23)

- [Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.02155/) (2022)
- [Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behavior](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.03442/) (2023)
- [Evaluating Very Long-Term Conversational Memory of LLM Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.17753/) (2024)
- [LongMemEval: Benchmarking Chat Assistants on Long-Term Interactive Memory](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.10813/) (2024)
- [Evaluating Memory in LLM Agents via Incremental Multi-Turn Interactions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.05257/) (2025)
- [MemAgent: Reshaping Long-Context LLM with Multi-Conv RL-based Memory Agent](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.02259/) (2025)
- [LightMem: Lightweight and Efficient Memory-Augmented Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.18866/) (2025)
- [MIRIX: Multi-Agent Memory System for LLM-Based Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.07957/) (2025)
- [SimpleMem: Efficient Lifelong Memory for LLM Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.02553/) (2026)
- [CharacterEval: A Chinese Benchmark for Role-Playing Conversational Agent Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.01275/) (2024)
- [SocialBench: Sociality Evaluation of Role-Playing Conversational Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.13679/) (2024)
- [Needle in the Haystack for Memory Based Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.01437/) (2024)
- [O-Mem: Omni Memory System for Personalized, Long Horizon, Self-Evolving Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.13593/) (2025)
- [PersonaRAG: Enhancing Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systems with User-Centric Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.09394/) (2024)
- [Knowing You Don't Know: Learning When to Continue Search in Multi-round RAG through Self-Practicing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.02811/) (2025)
- [PRIME: Large Language Model Personalization with Cognitive Dual-Memory and Personalized Thought Process](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.04607/) (2025)
- [Pre-Storage Reasoning for Episodic Memory: Shifting Inference Burden to Memory for Personalized Dialogue](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.10852/) (2025)
- [HiMem: Hierarchical Long-Term Memory for LLM Long-Horizon Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.06377/) (2026)
- [MADial-Bench: Towards Real-world Evaluation of Memory-Augmented Dialogue Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.15240/) (2024)
- [OmniCharacter: Towards Immersive Role-Playing Agents with Seamless Speech-Language Personality Interaction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.20277/) (2025)
- [ES-MemEval: Benchmarking Conversational Agents on Personalized Long-Term Emotional Support](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.01885/) (2026)
- [RoleRAG: Enhancing LLM Role-Playing via Graph Guided Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.18541/) (2025)
- [Dynamic Context Adaptation for Consistent Role-Playing Agents with Retrieval-Augmented Generations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.02016/) (2025)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [VoiceMem: Streaming Dual-Brain Memory for Real-Time Interaction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.26005/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

While role-playing agents excel in short-term interactions, long-term conversations overwhelm context windows, motivating external memory frameworks. Current systems typically rely on persona-agnostic summarization, which records facts without persona-specific interpretation, yielding generic responses that compromise persona fidelity. To bridge this gap, we introduce RoleMemo, a dataset featuring four reasoning tasks where the factual fragments must be interpreted through the persona to reach the correct answer. Evaluation on RoleMemo exposes critical limitations of persona-agnostic frameworks. We thus propose DualMem, which decouples memory into two streams: factual cognition and persona-conditioned insight. Trained through Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Learning (RL), our framework with a 4B-parameter model outperforms zero-shot persona-agnostic frameworks powered by DeepSeek-V3.2 for sustained persona fidelity. Our resources are available at https://github.com/role2026/rolememo.