# ConFi-GS Confidence-Guided High-Frequency Injection for 3D Gaussian Splatting Super-Resolution

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.24964 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.24964/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 31 of its 45 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 24 May 2026.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 31)

- [The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metric](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.03924/) (2018)
- [3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Rendering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.04079/) (2023)
- [Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encoding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.05989/) (2022)
- [Mip-NeRF 360: Unbounded Anti-Aliased Neural Radiance Fields](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.12077/) (2021)
- [Mip-NeRF: A Multiscale Representation for Anti-Aliasing Neural Radiance Fields](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.13415/) (2021)
- [Photo-Realistic Single Image Super-Resolution Using a Generative Adversarial Network](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1609.04802/) (2016)
- [SwinIR: Image Restoration Using Swin Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.10257/) (2021)
- [Enhanced Deep Residual Networks for Single Image Super-Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1707.02921/) (2017)
- [Image Super-Resolution Using Very Deep Residual Channel Attention Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.02758/) (2018)
- [MUSIQ: Multi-scale Image Quality Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.05997/) (2021)
- [2D Gaussian Splatting for Geometrically Accurate Radiance Fields](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.17888/) (2024)
- [Real-ESRGAN: Training Real-World Blind Super-Resolution with Pure Synthetic Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.10833/) (2021)
- [Deformable 3D Gaussians for High-Fidelity Monocular Dynamic Scene Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.13101/) (2023)
- [Scaffold-GS: Structured 3D Gaussians for View-Adaptive Rendering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.00109/) (2023)
- [Mip-Splatting: Alias-free 3D Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.16493/) (2023)
- [Designing a Practical Degradation Model for Deep Blind Image Super-Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.14006/) (2021)
- [DreamSim: Learning New Dimensions of Human Visual Similarity using Synthetic Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.09344/) (2023)
- [Rethinking FID: Towards a Better Evaluation Metric for Image Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.09603/) (2023)
- [GaussianShader: 3D Gaussian Splatting with Shading Functions for Reflective Surfaces](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.17977/) (2023)
- [FreGS: 3D Gaussian Splatting with Progressive Frequency Regularization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.06908/) (2024)
- [3D Gaussian as a New Era: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.07181/) (2024)
- [FoV-NeRF: Foveated Neural Radiance Fields for Virtual Reality](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.16365/) (2021)
- [3D Gaussian Splatting: Survey, Technologies, Challenges, and Opportunities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.17418/) (2024)
- [SRGS: Super-Resolution 3D Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.10318/) (2024)
- [S2Gaussian: Sparse-View Super-Resolution 3D Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.04314/) (2025)
- [SuperGaussian: Repurposing Video Models for 3D Super Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.00609/) (2024)
- [GaussianSR: 3D Gaussian Super-Resolution with 2D Diffusion Priors](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.10111/) (2024)
- [SVGS: Enhancing Gaussian Splatting Using Primitives with Spatially Varying Colors](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.18966/) (2024)
- [GeoTexDensifier: Geometry-Texture-Aware Densification for High-Quality Photorealistic 3D Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.16809/) (2024)
- [Frequency-Aware Gaussian Splatting Decomposition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.21226/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Reconstructing high-quality 3D scenes from low-resolution multi-view images remains challenging for 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS), because insufficient high-frequency observations often lead to blurred textures, weak boundaries, and view-inconsistent details. Existing approaches either apply super-resolution guidance uniformly or localize enhancement regions based mainly on geometric sampling. However, they typically do not distinguish between two fundamentally different questions: where additional detail is needed, and whether the corresponding candidate high-frequency content is reliable enough to be internalized into a multi-view consistent 3D representation. In this paper, we propose a reliability-aware frequency modeling framework for low-resolution 3DGS reconstruction. The framework first estimates a geometry-guided detail-demand prior to locate regions that are likely under-detailed under low-resolution supervision. It then computes a frequency-aware reliability map to determine whether candidate high-frequency details are structurally supported, spectrally unresolved, and cross-view stable. Combining these signals yields a detail-injection map that guides where super-resolved details should be introduced during optimization. Based on this map, we design a unified optimization scheme comprising spatially selective supervision, coarse-to-fine frequency regularization, and reliability-aware Gaussian densification. This scheme controls where reliable details are injected, when high-frequency supervision is activated, and how unresolved yet reliable details are internalized into the Gaussian representation. Experiments on multiple benchmarks show improved fidelity and perceptual quality while suppressing unstable or view-inconsistent details.