# Deploying Self-Supervised Learning for Real Seismic Data Denoising

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.11109 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.11109/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 19 of its 36 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 11 May 2026.

## Builds on (most cited first, 19 of 19)

- [Fully Convolutional Networks for Semantic Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1411.4038/) (2014)
- [Noise2Noise: Learning Image Restoration without Clean Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.04189/) (2018)
- [Noise2Void - Learning Denoising from Single Noisy Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1811.10980/) (2018)
- [Noise2Self: Blind Denoising by Self-Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1901.11365/) (2019)
- [Neighbor2Neighbor: Self-Supervised Denoising from Single Noisy Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.02824/) (2021)
- [High-Quality Self-Supervised Deep Image Denoising](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1901.10277/) (2019)
- [Noisier2Noise: Learning to Denoise from Unpaired Noisy Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.11908/) (2019)
- [Blind2Unblind: Self-Supervised Image Denoising with Visible Blind Spots](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.06967/) (2022)
- [Unpaired Learning of Deep Image Denoising](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2008.13711/) (2020)
- [Zero-Shot Noise2Noise: Efficient Image Denoising without any Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.11253/) (2023)
- [Noise2Same: Optimizing A Self-Supervised Bound for Image Denoising](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.11971/) (2020)
- [Probabilistic Noise2Void: Unsupervised Content-Aware Denoising](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1906.00651/) (2019)
- [Noise2Fast: Fast Self-Supervised Single Image Blind Denoising](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.10209/) (2021)
- [Unleashing the Power of Self-Supervised Image Denoising: A Comprehensive Review](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.00247/) (2023)
- [Self-Supervised Image Denoising for Real-World Images with Context-aware Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.01627/) (2023)
- [The potential of self-supervised networks for random noise suppression in seismic data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.07344/) (2021)
- [S2S-WTV: Seismic Data Noise Attenuation Using Weighted Total Variation Regularized Self-Supervised Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.13523/) (2022)
- [Iterative Data Refinement for Self-Supervised MR Image Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.13440/) (2022)
- [A Real Benchmark Swell Noise Dataset for Performing Seismic Data Denoising via Deep Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.08231/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a promising approach to seismic data denoising as it does not require clean reference data. In this work, the deployment of the Noisy-as-Clean (NaC) method was evaluated for real seismic data denoising under controlled conditions. Two independent seismic acquisitions, each comprising noisy and filtered data, were organized into four real datasets. The NaC SSL method was adapted to add real noise to the noisy input, controlled by a parameter. An experimental protocol with ten experiments was designed to compare different strategies for deploying the NaC SSL method with the supervised learning baseline, using identical network topology and hyperparameters. The models were evaluated in terms of denoising performance, computational cost, and generalization capability. The results show that the synthetic additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) is inadequate for the denoising of seismic data within the NaC method, and performance strongly depends on the compatibility between the injected and actual noise characteristics. Furthermore, both the characteristics of the seismic data and the noise level influence the performance of the model. Self-supervised fine-tuning on test data has improved SSL performance, whereas no such gain was observed for fine-tuning of supervised models. Finally, NaC has shown to be a simple, effective, and model-independent method that offers a feasible solution for the denoising of real seismic data.