# Neural 3D Reconstruction of Planetary Surfaces from Descent-Phase Wide-Angle Imagery

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.13235 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.13235/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 7 of its 40 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 14 Apr 2026.

## Builds on (most cited first, 7 of 7)

- [3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Rendering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.04079/) (2023)
- [Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encoding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.05989/) (2022)
- [Mip-NeRF 360: Unbounded Anti-Aliased Neural Radiance Fields](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.12077/) (2021)
- [Mip-NeRF: A Multiscale Representation for Anti-Aliasing Neural Radiance Fields](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.13415/) (2021)
- [NeuS: Learning Neural Implicit Surfaces by Volume Rendering for Multi-view Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.10689/) (2021)
- [Nerfstudio: A Modular Framework for Neural Radiance Field Development](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.04264/) (2023)
- [Neural Elevation Models for Terrain Mapping and Path Planning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.15227/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Digital elevation modeling of planetary surfaces is essential for studying past and ongoing geological processes. Wide-angle imagery acquired during spacecraft descent promises to offer a low-cost option for high-resolution terrain reconstruction. However, accurate 3D reconstruction from such imagery is challenging due to strong radial distortion and limited parallax from vertically descending, predominantly nadir-facing cameras. Conventional multi-view stereo exhibits limited depth range and reduced fidelity under these conditions and also lacks domain-specific priors. We present the first study of modern neural reconstruction methods for planetary descent imaging. We also develop a novel approach that incorporates an explicit neural height field representation, which provides a strong prior since planetary surfaces are generally continuous, smooth, solid, and free from floating objects. This study demonstrates that neural approaches offer a strong and competitive alternative to traditional multi-view stereo (MVS) methods. Experiments on simulated descent sequences over high-fidelity lunar and Mars terrains demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves increased spatial coverage while maintaining satisfactory estimation accuracy.