# Adaptor: Advancing Assistive Teleoperation with Few-Shot Learning and Cross-Operator Generalization

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.09462 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.09462/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 10 Apr 2026.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Assistron: Bayesian Shared Autonomy with Off-the-shelf Vision-Language-Action Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.23147/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Assistive teleoperation enhances efficiency via shared control, yet inter-operator variability, stemming from diverse habits and expertise, induces highly heterogeneous trajectory distributions that undermine intent recognition stability. We present Adaptor, a few-shot framework for robust cross-operator intent recognition. The Adaptor bridges the domain gap through two stages: (i) preprocessing, which models intent uncertainty by synthesizing trajectory perturbations via noise injection and performs geometry-aware keyframe extraction; and (ii) policy learning, which encodes the processed trajectories with an Intention Expert and fuses them with the pre-trained vision-language model context to condition an Action Expert for action generation. Experiments on real-world and simulated benchmarks demonstrate that Adaptor achieves state-of-the-art performance, improving success rates and efficiency over baselines. Moreover, the method exhibits low variance across operators with varying expertise, demonstrating robust cross-operator generalization.