# A Dynamic Atlas of Persian Poetic Symbolism: Families, Fields, and the Historical Rewiring of Meaning

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.01467 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.01467/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 4 of its 20 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 1 Apr 2026.

## Builds on (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [Diachronic Word Embeddings Reveal Statistical Laws of Semantic Change](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1605.09096/) (2016)
- [The structure and dynamics of multilayer networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1407.0742/) (2014)
- [Latent Space Models for Dynamic Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.08808/) (2020)
- [Opportunities for Persian Digital Humanities Research with Artificial Intelligence Language Models; Case Study: Forough Farrokhzad](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.06760/) (2024)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Between Century and Poet: Graph-Based Lexical Semantic Change in Persian Poetry](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.06674/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Persian poetry is often remembered through recurrent symbols before it is remembered through plot. Wine vessels, gardens, flames, sacred titles, bodily beauty, and courtly names return across centuries, yet computational work still tends to flatten this material into isolated words or broad document semantics. That misses a practical unit of organization in Persian poetics: related forms travel as families and gain force through recurring relations. Using a corpus of 129,451 poems, we consolidate recurrent forms into traceable families, separate imagistic material from sacred and courtly reference, and map their relations in a multi-layer graph. The symbolic core is relatively sparse, the referential component much denser, and the attachment zone between them selective rather than diffuse. Across 11 Hijri-century bins, some families remain widely distributed, especially Shab (Night), Ruz (Day), and Khaak (Earth). Wine vessels, garden space, flame, and lyric sound strengthen later, while prestige-coded and heroic-courtly vocabulary is weighted earlier. Century-specific graphs show change in arrangement as well as membership. Modularity rises, cross-scope linkage declines, courtly bridges weaken, and sacred bridges strengthen. Hub positions shift too: Kherqe (Sufi Robe) gains late prominence, Farkhondeh {Blessed} and Banafsheh (Violet) recede, and Saaghar (Wine Cup) stays central across the chronology. In this corpus, Persian symbolism appears less as a fixed repertory than as a long-lived system whose internal weights and connections change over time.