# Coconstructions in spoken data: UD annotation guidelines and first results

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.28261 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.28261/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 1 of its 43 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 30 Mar 2026.

## Builds on (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Treebanking User-Generated Content: a UD Based Overview of Guidelines, Corpora and Unified Recommendations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.02063/) (2020)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The paper proposes annotation guidelines for syntactic dependencies that span across speaker turns - including collaborative coconstructions proper, wh-question answers, and backchannels - in spoken language treebanks within the Universal Dependencies framework. Two representations are proposed: a speaker-based representation following the segmentation into speech turns, and a dependency-based representation with dependencies across speech turns. New propositions are also put forward to distinguish between reformulations and repairs, and to promote elements in unfinished phrases.