# CollabORAN: A Collaborative rApp-xApp-dApp Control Architecture for Fairness-Adaptive Resource Sharing in O-RAN

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.20805 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.20805/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 21 Mar 2026.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Place, Slice and Schedule: Hierarchical O-RAN Control of a Tethered mmWave UAV-gNB](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.23824/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The evolution of Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) enables programmable and intelligent control of radio resources through disaggregated architectures and open interfaces. However, existing solutions typically rely on isolated control loops and fail to jointly address end-to-end optimization objectives across multiple timescales. Thus, it remains a key challenge to functionally split optimization algorithms across timescale-specific O-RAN layers while complying with control loop latency specifications. This article proposes CollabORAN, a collaborative rApp-xApp-dApp hierarchical framework for dynamic and equitable spectrum sharing in O-RAN systems. CollabORAN leverages a nested control structure in which the rApp performs traffic-aware policy generation, the xApp executes interference-aware spectrum allocation via hypergraph-based PRB coloring, and the DU-level dApp enforces temporal fairness through fast scheduling. The proposed end-to-end closed-loop design enables coordinated optimization across minutes, seconds, and millisecond time scales. Simulation results demonstrate that CollabORAN significantly improves service fairness and reduces user starvation while maintaining efficient spectrum reuse in dense and dynamic network environments.