# P-GSVC: Layered Progressive 2D Gaussian Splatting for Scalable Image and Video

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.10551 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.10551/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 16 of its 39 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 11 Mar 2026.

## Builds on (most cited first, 16 of 16)

- [The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metric](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.03924/) (2018)
- [3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Rendering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.04079/) (2023)
- [LightGaussian: Unbounded 3D Gaussian Compression with 15x Reduction and 200+ FPS](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.17245/) (2023)
- [LSQ+: Improving low-bit quantization through learnable offsets and better initialization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.09576/) (2020)
- [Adan: Adaptive Nesterov Momentum Algorithm for Faster Optimizing Deep Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.06677/) (2022)
- [FreGS: 3D Gaussian Splatting with Progressive Frequency Regularization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.06908/) (2024)
- [GaussianImage: 1000 FPS Image Representation and Compression by 2D Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.08551/) (2024)
- [On Scaling Up 3D Gaussian Splatting Training](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.18533/) (2024)
- [Large Images are Gaussians: High-Quality Large Image Representation with Levels of 2D Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.09039/) (2025)
- [Sketch and Patch: Efficient 3D Gaussian Representation for Man-Made Scenes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.13045/) (2025)
- [GaussianVideo: Efficient Video Representation via Hierarchical Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.04782/) (2025)
- [PRoGS: Progressive Rendering of Gaussian Splats](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.01761/) (2024)
- [Deep Hierarchical Video Compression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.07126/) (2023)
- [GaussianVideo: Efficient Video Representation and Compression by Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.04333/) (2025)
- [GSVC: Efficient Video Representation and Compression Through 2D Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.12060/) (2025)
- [Sketch&Patch++: Efficient Structure-Aware 3D Gaussian Representation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.05394/) (2026)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Rate-Distortion Adaptive Primitive Selection for Omnidirectional Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.34367/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Gaussian splatting has emerged as a competitive explicit representation for image and video reconstruction. In this work, we present P-GSVC, the first layered progressive 2D Gaussian splatting framework that provides a unified solution for scalable Gaussian representation in both images and videos. P-GSVC organizes 2D Gaussian splats into a base layer and successive enhancement layers, enabling coarse-to-fine reconstructions. To effectively optimize this layered representation, we propose a joint training strategy that simultaneously updates Gaussians across layers, aligning their optimization trajectories to ensure inter-layer compatibility and a stable progressive reconstruction. P-GSVC supports scalability in terms of both quality and resolution. Our experiments show that the joint training strategy can gain up to 1.9 dB improvement in PSNR for video and 2.6 dB improvement in PSNR for image when compared to methods that perform sequential layer-wise training. Project page: https://longanwang-cs.github.io/PGSVC-webpage/