# Data-Driven Hints in Intelligent Tutoring Systems

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.07311 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.07311/

## Key facts

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- First posted on arXiv 7 Mar 2026.

## Abstract (arXiv)

This chapter explores the evolution of data-driven hint generation for intelligent tutoring systems (ITS). The Hint Factory and Interaction Networks have enabled the generation of next-step hints, waypoints, and strategic subgoals from historical student data. Data-driven techniques have also enabled systems to find the right time to provide hints. We explore further potential data-driven adaptations for problem solving based on behavioral problem solving data and the integration of Large Language Models (LLMs).