# Protecting and Promoting Human Agency in Education in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.20014 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.20014/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 23 Feb 2026.

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Neural-Symbolic Knowledge Tracing: Injecting Educational Knowledge into Deep Learning for Responsible Learner Modelling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.08263/) (2026)
- [Large-scale semantic mapping of learner agency and autonomy reveals what measurement and generative AI research overlook](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.10881/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Human agency is crucial in education and increasingly challenged by the use of generative AI. This meeting report synthesizes interdisciplinary insights and conceptualizes four aspects that delineate human agency: human oversight, AI-human complementarity, AI competencies, and relational emergence. We explore practical dilemmas for protecting and promoting agency, focusing on normative constraints, transparency, and cognitive offloading, and highlight key tensions and implications to inform ethical and effective AI integration in education.