# Estimation of Fish Catch Using Sentinel-2, 3 and XGBoost-Kernel-Based Kernel Ridge Regression

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.08511 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.08511/

## Key facts

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- First posted on arXiv 9 Feb 2026.

## Abstract (arXiv)

Oceanographic factors, such as sea surface temperature and upper-ocean dynamics, have a significant impact on fish distribution. Maintaining fisheries that contribute to global food security requires quantifying these connections. This study uses multispectral images from Sentinel-2 MSI and Sentinel-3 OLCI to estimate fish catch using an Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)-kernelized Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR) technique. According to model evaluation, the XGBoost-KRR framework achieves the strongest correlation and the lowest prediction error across both sensors, suggesting improved capacity to capture nonlinear ocean-fish connections. While Sentinel-2 MSI resolves finer-scale spatial variability, emphasizing localized ecological interactions, Sentinel-3 OLCI displays smoother spectral responses associated with poorer spatial resolution. By supporting sustainable ecosystem management and strengthening satellite-based fisheries assessment, the proposed approach advances SDGs 2 (Zero Hunger) and 14 (Life Below Water).