# Legal Infrastructure for Transformative AI Governance

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.01474 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.01474/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 12 of its 48 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 1 Feb 2026.

## Builds on (most cited first, 12 of 12)

- [Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.08361/) (2020)
- [On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.07258/) (2021)
- [The Debate Over Understanding in AI's Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.13966/) (2022)
- [Artificial Intelligence: the global landscape of ethics guidelines](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1906.11668/) (2019)
- [The Off-Switch Game](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1611.08219/) (2016)
- [Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial Intelligence](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1602.03506/) (2016)
- [Toward an Evaluation Science for Generative AI Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.05336/) (2025)
- [Infrastructure for AI Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.10114/) (2025)
- [Null Compliance: NYC Local Law 144 and the Challenges of Algorithm Accountability](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.01399/) (2024)
- [Defining the scope of AI regulations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1909.01095/) (2019)
- [An FDA for AI? Pitfalls and Plausibility of Approval Regulation for Frontier Artificial Intelligence](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.00821/) (2024)
- [AI Model Registries: A Foundational Tool for AI Governance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.09645/) (2024)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Distributed Legal Infrastructure for a Trustworthy Agentic Web](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.06884/) (2026)
- [Governance by Design: A Parsonian Institutional Architecture for Internet-Wide Agent Societies](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.11337/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Most of our AI governance efforts focus on substance: what rules do we want in place? What limits or checks do we want to impose on AI development and deployment? But a key role for law is not only to establish substantive rules but also to establish legal and regulatory infrastructure to generate and implement rules. The transformative nature of AI calls especially for attention to building legal and regulatory frameworks. In this PNAS Perspective piece I review three examples I have proposed: the creation of registration regimes for frontier models; the creation of registration and identification regimes for autonomous agents; and the design of regulatory markets to facilitate a role for private companies to innovate and deliver AI regulatory services.