# PersonalAlign: Hierarchical Implicit Intent Alignment for Personalized GUI Agent with Long-Term User-Centric Records

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.09636 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.09636/

## Key facts

- Cited by 16 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Placed in GUI and mobile agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use.
- Builds on 31 of its 43 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 14 Jan 2026.

## Placed in

- LLM agents and tool use / [GUI and mobile agents](https://mlsanity.com/agents/gui-and-mobile-agents/)

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 31)

- [Qwen3 Embedding: Advancing Text Embedding and Reranking Through Foundation Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.05176/) (2025)
- [OSWorld: Benchmarking Multimodal Agents for Open-Ended Tasks in Real Computer Environments](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.07972/) (2024)
- [AndroidWorld: A Dynamic Benchmarking Environment for Autonomous Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.14573/) (2024)
- [OS-ATLAS: A Foundation Action Model for Generalist GUI Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.23218/) (2024)
- [MemAgent: Reshaping Long-Context LLM with Multi-Conv RL-based Memory Agent](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.02259/) (2025)
- [MEM1: Learning to Synergize Memory and Reasoning for Efficient Long-Horizon Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.15841/) (2025)
- [UI-TARS-2 Technical Report: Advancing GUI Agent with Multi-Turn Reinforcement Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.02544/) (2025)
- [On the Effects of Data Scale on UI Control Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.03679/) (2024)
- [GUIOdyssey: A Comprehensive Dataset for Cross-App GUI Navigation on Mobile Devices](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.08451/) (2024)
- [Mobile-Agent-v3: Fundamental Agents for GUI Automation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.15144/) (2025)
- [Detecting and Grounding Multi-Modal Media Manipulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.02556/) (2023)
- [Optimus-1: Hybrid Multimodal Memory Empowered Agents Excel in Long-Horizon Tasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.03615/) (2024)
- [SPA-Bench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for SmartPhone Agent Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.15164/) (2024)
- [CogVLA: Cognition-Aligned Vision-Language-Action Model via Instruction-Driven Routing & Sparsification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.21046/) (2025)
- [Detecting and Grounding Multi-Modal Media Manipulation and Beyond](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.14203/) (2023)
- [ContextAgent: Context-Aware Proactive LLM Agents with Open-World Sensory Perceptions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.14668/) (2025)
- [GUI-explorer: Autonomous Exploration and Mining of Transition-aware Knowledge for GUI Agent](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.16827/) (2025)
- [PersonaX: A Recommendation Agent Oriented User Modeling Framework for Long Behavior Sequence](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.02398/) (2025)
- [OS-Kairos: Adaptive Interaction for MLLM-Powered GUI Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.16465/) (2025)
- [Token-level Correlation-guided Compression for Efficient Multimodal Document Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.14439/) (2024)
- [FALCON: Resolving Visual Redundancy and Fragmentation in High-resolution Multimodal Large Language Models via Visual Registers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.16297/) (2025)
- [FingerTip 20K: A Benchmark for Proactive and Personalized Mobile LLM Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.21071/) (2025)
- [Mirage-1: Augmenting and Updating GUI Agent with Hierarchical Multimodal Skills](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.10387/) (2025)
- [H-GAR: A Hierarchical Interaction Framework via Goal-Driven Observation-Action Refinement for Robotic Manipulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.17079/) (2025)
- [HiconAgent: History Context-aware Policy Optimization for GUI Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.01763/) (2025)
- [LettinGo: Explore User Profile Generation for Recommendation System](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.18309/) (2025)
- [PUMA: Layer-Pruned Language Model for Efficient Unified Multimodal Retrieval with Modality-Adaptive Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.08064/) (2025)
- [Quick on the Uptake: Eliciting Implicit Intents from Human Demonstrations for Personalized Mobile-Use Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.08645/) (2025)
- [Navi-plus: Managing Ambiguous GUI Navigation Tasks with Follow-up Questions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.24180/) (2025)
- [Score the Steps, Not Just the Goal: VLM-Based Subgoal Evaluation for Robotic Manipulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.19524/) (2025)

## Built on by (most cited first, 16 of 16)

- [KnowU-Bench: Towards Interactive, Proactive, and Personalized Mobile Agent Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.08455/) (2026)
- [Toward Personalized LLM-Powered Agents: Foundations, Evaluation, and Future Directions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.22680/) (2026)
- [DeltaVLA: Prior-Guided Vision-Language-Action Models via World Knowledge Variation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.08361/) (2026)
- [ConsisVLA-4D: Advancing Spatiotemporal Consistency in Efficient 3D-Perception and 4D-Reasoning for Robotic Manipulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.05126/) (2026)
- [π-Bench: Evaluating Proactive Personal Assistant Agents in Long-Horizon Workflows](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.14678/) (2026)
- [Ask Now, Use Later: Benchmarking the Proactivity Gap in Long-Lived LLM Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.28108/) (2026)
- [Proactive Service Agents: A Unified Decision Framework, Methods, and Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.03727/) (2026)
- [Software Engineering for and with GUI Agent](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.09278/) (2026)
- [UniMPA: A Unified Memory-Prediction-Action Model via Action-Grounded Transition Modeling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.11875/) (2026)
- [From Correctness to Preference: A Framework for Personalized Agentic Reinforcement Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.23382/) (2026)
- [PersonaTrail: Benchmarking Personalized Web Agents through Browsing Trails](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.20482/) (2026)
- [LookAgain: Closed-Loop GUI Grounding with Visually Grounded Reflection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.09723/) (2026)
- [PersonaMem-v3: Toward Omni-Platform Personal Intelligence for Holistic User Understanding, Recommendation, and Agentic Tasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.21381/) (2026)
- [Inferring Hidden User Models from the Behavior of Personalized LLM Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.03815/) (2026)
- [Learning to Use Imagination: Progress-Conditioned Future Utilization for World Action Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.06578/) (2026)
- [Relevance Does Not Imply Applicability: Experience Activation for Personal GUI Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.33304/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

While GUI agents have shown strong performance under explicit and completion instructions, real-world deployment requires aligning with users' more complex implicit intents. In this work, we highlight Hierarchical Implicit Intent Alignment for Personalized GUI Agent (PersonalAlign), a new agent task that requires agents to leverage long-term user records as persistent context to resolve omitted preferences in vague instructions and anticipate latent routines by user state for proactive assistance. To facilitate this study, we introduce AndroidIntent, a benchmark designed to evaluate agents' ability in resolving vague instructions and providing proactive suggestions through reasoning over long-term user records. We annotated 775 user-specific preferences and 215 routines from 20k long-term records across different users for evaluation. Furthermore, we introduce Hierarchical Intent Memory Agent (HIM-Agent), which maintains a continuously updating personal memory and hierarchically organizes user preferences and routines for personalization. Finally, we evaluate a range of GUI agents on AndroidIntent, including GPT-5, Qwen3-VL, and UI-TARS, further results show that HIM-Agent significantly improves both execution and proactive performance by 15.7% and 7.3%.