# EvoIR: Towards All-in-One Image Restoration via Evolutionary Frequency Modulation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.05104 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.05104/

## Key facts

- Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 42 of its 60 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 4 Dec 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 42)

- [Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.00020/) (2021)
- [Emerging Properties in Self-Supervised Vision Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.14294/) (2021)
- [Restormer: Efficient Transformer for High-Resolution Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.09881/) (2021)
- [Beyond a Gaussian Denoiser: Residual Learning of Deep CNN for Image Denoising](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1608.03981/) (2016)
- [Multi-Stage Progressive Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.02808/) (2021)
- [Deep Multi-scale Convolutional Neural Network for Dynamic Scene Deblurring](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1612.02177/) (2016)
- [Deep Retinex Decomposition for Low-Light Enhancement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1808.04560/) (2018)
- [Simple Baselines for Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.04676/) (2022)
- [FFDNet: Toward a Fast and Flexible Solution for CNN based Image Denoising](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1710.04026/) (2017)
- [Benchmarking Single Image Dehazing and Beyond](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1712.04143/) (2017)
- [DeblurGAN: Blind Motion Deblurring Using Conditional Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1711.07064/) (2017)
- [Deep Joint Rain Detection and Removal from a Single Image](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1609.07769/) (2016)
- [MambaIR: A Simple Baseline for Image Restoration with State-Space Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.15648/) (2024)
- [DehazeNet: An End-to-End System for Single Image Haze Removal](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1601.07661/) (2016)
- [Learning Enriched Features for Real Image Restoration and Enhancement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.06792/) (2020)
- [Vision Transformers for Single Image Dehazing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.03883/) (2022)
- [DiffIR: Efficient Diffusion Model for Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.09472/) (2023)
- [TransWeather: Transformer-based Restoration of Images Degraded by Adverse Weather Conditions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.14813/) (2021)
- [Retinexformer: One-stage Retinex-based Transformer for Low-light Image Enhancement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.06705/) (2023)
- [Learning A Sparse Transformer Network for Effective Image Deraining](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.11950/) (2023)
- [Efficient Frequency Domain-based Transformers for High-Quality Image Deblurring](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.12250/) (2022)
- [Learning Enriched Features for Fast Image Restoration and Enhancement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.01649/) (2022)
- [Stripformer: Strip Transformer for Fast Image Deblurring](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.04627/) (2022)
- [InstructIR: High-Quality Image Restoration Following Human Instructions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.16468/) (2024)
- [Uncertainty Guided Multi-Scale Residual Learning-using a Cycle Spinning CNN for Single Image De-Raining](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1906.11129/) (2019)
- [PromptIR: Prompting for All-in-One Blind Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.13090/) (2023)
- [AdaIR: Adaptive All-in-One Image Restoration via Frequency Mining and Modulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.14614/) (2024)
- [OneRestore: A Universal Restoration Framework for Composite Degradation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.04621/) (2024)
- [Hierarchical Integration Diffusion Model for Realistic Image Deblurring](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.12966/) (2023)
- [FD-GAN: Generative Adversarial Networks with Fusion-discriminator for Single Image Dehazing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.06968/) (2020)

## Built on by (most cited first, 7 of 7)

- [ClearAIR: A Human-Visual-Perception-Inspired All-in-One Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.02763/) (2026)
- [ClusIR: Towards Cluster-Guided All-in-One Image Restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.10948/) (2025)
- [CoRE-UIR: Prior-guided common and residual experts for efficient all-in-one remote sensing image restoration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.27898/) (2026)
- [SpikeRestormer: Towards Energy-Efficient All-in-One Image Restoration via Unified Event Reasoning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.02290/) (2026)
- [FreqFLD: Towards All-in-One Facial Landmark Detection via Frequency Modulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.10278/) (2026)
- [QuReC: All-in-One Image Restoration with Query-Specific Guidance and Local-Global Response Calibration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.15097/) (2026)
- [FAHCD-Net: Frequency-Adaptive Heatmap-Conditional Diffusion Networks for Robust Facial Landmark Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.16842/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

All-in-One Image Restoration (AiOIR) tasks often involve diverse degradation that require robust and versatile strategies. However, most existing approaches typically lack explicit frequency modeling and rely on fixed or heuristic optimization schedules, which limit the generalization across heterogeneous degradation. To address these limitations, we propose EvoIR, an AiOIR-specific framework that introduces evolutionary frequency modulation for dynamic and adaptive image restoration. Specifically, EvoIR employs the Frequency-Modulated Module (FMM) that decomposes features into high- and low-frequency branches in an explicit manner and adaptively modulates them to enhance both structural fidelity and fine-grained details. Central to EvoIR, an Evolutionary Optimization Strategy (EOS) iteratively adjusts frequency-aware objectives through a population-based evolutionary process, dynamically balancing structural accuracy and perceptual fidelity. Its evolutionary guidance further mitigates gradient conflicts across degradation and accelerates convergence. By synergizing FMM and EOS, EvoIR yields greater improvements than using either component alone, underscoring their complementary roles. Extensive experiments on multiple benchmarks demonstrate that EvoIR outperforms state-of-the-art AiOIR methods.