# FC-ADL: Efficient Microservice Anomaly Detection and Localisation Through Functional Connectivity

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.00844 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.00844/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 5 of its 70 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 30 Nov 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 5 of 5)

- [Causal Inference-Based Root Cause Analysis for Online Service Systems with Intervention Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.05871/) (2022)
- [CausalRCA: Causal Inference based Precise Fine-grained Root Cause Localization for Microservice Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.02500/) (2022)
- [DELTACON: A Principled Massive-Graph Similarity Function](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1304.4657/) (2013)
- [Localizing Faults in Cloud Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.00356/) (2018)
- [Detecting sequences of system states in temporal networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.04755/) (2018)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Microservices have transformed software architecture through the creation of modular and independent services. However, they introduce operational complexities in service integration and system management that makes swift and accurate anomaly detection and localisation challenging. Despite the complex, dynamic, and interconnected nature of microservice architectures, prior works that investigate metrics for anomaly detection rarely include explicit information about time-varying interdependencies. And whilst prior works on fault localisation typically do incorporate information about dependencies between microservices, they scale poorly to real world large-scale deployments due to their reliance on computationally expensive causal inference. To address these challenges we propose FC-ADL, an end-to-end scalable approach for detecting and localising anomalous changes from microservice metrics based on the neuroscientific concept of functional connectivity. We show that by efficiently characterising time-varying changes in dependencies between microservice metrics we can both detect anomalies and provide root cause candidates without incurring the significant overheads of causal and multivariate approaches. We demonstrate that our approach can achieve top detection and localisation performance across a wide degree of different fault scenarios when compared to state-of-the-art approaches. Furthermore, we illustrate the scalability of our approach by applying it to Alibaba's extremely large real-world microservice deployment.