# SEDA: A Self-Adapted Entity-Centric Data Augmentation for Boosting Gird-based Discontinuous NER Models

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.20143 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.20143/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 20 of its 37 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 25 Nov 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 20 of 20)

- [Convolutional Neural Networks for Sentence Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1408.5882/) (2014)
- [Neural Architectures for Named Entity Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1603.01360/) (2016)
- [Named Entity Recognition as Dependency Parsing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.07150/) (2020)
- [A Unified Generative Framework for Various NER Subtasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.01223/) (2021)
- [Unified Named Entity Recognition as Word-Word Relation Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10070/) (2021)
- [An Analysis of Simple Data Augmentation for Named Entity Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.11683/) (2020)
- [TPLinker: Single-stage Joint Extraction of Entities and Relations Through Token Pair Linking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.13415/) (2020)
- [Locate and Label: A Two-stage Identifier for Nested Named Entity Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.06804/) (2021)
- [Fast and Accurate Entity Recognition with Iterated Dilated Convolutions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1702.02098/) (2017)
- [An Effective Transition-based Model for Discontinuous NER](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.13454/) (2020)
- [A Span-Based Model for Joint Overlapped and Discontinuous Named Entity Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.14373/) (2021)
- [Neural Segmental Hypergraphs for Overlapping Mention Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.01817/) (2018)
- [Peripheral Vision Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.06801/) (2022)
- [Discontinuous Named Entity Recognition as Maximal Clique Discovery](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.00218/) (2021)
- [Combining Spans into Entities: A Neural Two-Stage Approach for Recognizing Discontiguous Entities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1909.00930/) (2019)
- [Modulating Language Models with Emotions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.07886/) (2021)
- [TOE: A Grid-Tagging Discontinuous NER Model Enhanced by Embedding Tag/Word Relations and More Fine-Grained Tags](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.00684/) (2022)
- [Entity-to-Text based Data Augmentation for various Named Entity Recognition Tasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.10343/) (2022)
- [Class-Imbalanced Semi-Supervised Learning for Large-Scale Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation via Decoupling Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.06975/) (2024)
- [A fast and sound tagging method for discontinuous named-entity recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.16243/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a critical task in natural language processing, yet it remains particularly challenging for discontinuous entities. The primary difficulty lies in text segmentation, as traditional methods often missegment or entirely miss cross-sentence discontinuous entities, significantly affecting recognition accuracy. Therefore, we aim to address the segmentation and omission issues associated with such entities. Recent studies have shown that grid-tagging methods are effective for information extraction due to their flexible tagging schemes and robust architectures. Building on this, we integrate image data augmentation techniques, such as cropping, scaling, and padding, into grid-based models to enhance their ability to recognize discontinuous entities and handle segmentation challenges. Experimental results demonstrate that traditional segmentation methods often fail to capture cross-sentence discontinuous entities, leading to decreased performance. In contrast, our augmented grid models achieve notable improvements. Evaluations on the CADEC, ShARe13, and ShARe14 datasets show F1 score gains of 1-2.5% overall and 3.7-8.4% for discontinuous entities, confirming the effectiveness of our approach.