# Diverse Instance Generation via Diffusion Models for Enhanced Few-Shot Object Detection in Remote Sensing Images

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.18031 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.18031/

## Key facts

- Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Placed in Inverse problems and image restoration, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models.
- Builds on 15 of its 23 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 22 Nov 2025.

## Placed in

- Diffusion models / [Inverse problems and image restoration](https://mlsanity.com/diffusion/inverse-problems-and-image-restoration/)

## Builds on (most cited first, 15 of 15)

- [High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10752/) (2021)
- [DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.07193/) (2023)
- [Object Detection in Optical Remote Sensing Images: A Survey and A New Benchmark](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1909.00133/) (2019)
- [FSCE: Few-Shot Object Detection via Contrastive Proposal Encoding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.05950/) (2021)
- [SSR-Encoder: Encoding Selective Subject Representation for Subject-Driven Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.16272/) (2023)
- [Locate Anything on Earth: Advancing Open-Vocabulary Object Detection for Remote Sensing Community](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.09110/) (2024)
- [Text2Earth: Unlocking Text-driven Remote Sensing Image Generation with a Global-Scale Dataset and a Foundation Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.00895/) (2025)
- [NTIRE 2025 Challenge on Cross-Domain Few-Shot Object Detection: Methods and Results](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.10685/) (2025)
- [Enhance Then Search: An Augmentation-Search Strategy with Foundation Models for Cross-Domain Few-Shot Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.04517/) (2025)
- [Few-shot Object Detection on Remote Sensing Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.07826/) (2020)
- [Domain-RAG: Retrieval-Guided Compositional Image Generation for Cross-Domain Few-Shot Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.05872/) (2025)
- [Direction-Oriented Visual-semantic Embedding Model for Remote Sensing Image-text Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.08276/) (2023)
- [EarthSynth: Generating Informative Earth Observation with Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.12108/) (2025)
- [Control Copy-Paste: Controllable Diffusion-Based Augmentation Method for Remote Sensing Few-Shot Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.21816/) (2025)
- [Semantic-Aware Ship Detection with Vision-Language Integration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.15930/) (2025)

## Built on by (most cited first, 5 of 5)

- [Exo2EgoSyn: Unlocking Foundation Video Generation Models for Exocentric-to-Egocentric Video Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.20186/) (2025)
- [V2-SAM: Marrying SAM2 with Multi-Prompt Experts for Cross-View Object Correspondence](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.20886/) (2025)
- [From Synchrony to Sequence: Exo-to-Ego Generation via Interpolation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.13793/) (2026)
- [ReconMIL: Synergizing Latent Space Reconstruction with Bi-Stream Mamba for Whole Slide Image Analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.19925/) (2026)
- [Ego-Forge: Text and Geometric-Attention Free Exo-to-Egocentric Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.35368/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Few-shot object detection (FSOD) aims to detect novel instances with only a limited number of labeled training samples, presenting a challenge that is particularly prominent in numerous remote sensing applications such as endangered species monitoring and disaster assessment. Existing FSOD methods for remote sensing images (RSIs) have achieved promising progress but remain constrained by the limited diversity of instances. To address this issue, we propose a novel framework that can leverage a diffusion model pretrained on large-scale natural images to synthesize diverse remote sensing instances, thereby improving the performance of few-shot object detectors. Instead of directly synthesizing complete remote sensing images, we first generate instance-level slices via a specialized slice-to-slice module, and then embed these slices into full-scale imagery for enhanced data augmentation. To further adapt diffusion models for remote sensing scenarios, we develop a class-agnostic image inversion module that can invert remote sensing instance slices into semantic space. Additionally, we introduce contrastive loss to semantically align the synthesized images with their corresponding classes. Experimental results show that our method hasachieved an average performance improvement of 4.4% across multiple datasets and various approaches. Ablation experiments indicate that the elaborately designed inversion module can effectively enhance the performance of FSOD methods, and the semantic contrastive loss can further boost the performance.