# An Alignment-Based Approach to Learning Motions from Demonstrations

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.14988 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.14988/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Placed in Robot learning from demonstration, one of 13 directions in Offline RL and imitation learning from data.
- First posted on arXiv 19 Nov 2025.

## Placed in

- Offline RL and imitation learning from data / [Robot learning from demonstration](https://mlsanity.com/offlinerl/robot-learning-from-demonstration/)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Multi-Cycle Spatio-Temporal Adaptation in Human-Robot Teaming](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.19670/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Learning from Demonstration (LfD) has shown to provide robots with fundamental motion skills for a variety of domains. Various branches of LfD research (e.g., learned dynamical systems and movement primitives) can generally be classified into ''time-dependent'' or ''time-independent'' systems. Each provides fundamental benefits and drawbacks -- time-independent methods cannot learn overlapping trajectories, while time-dependence can result in undesirable behavior under perturbation. This paper introduces Cluster Alignment for Learned Motions (CALM), an LfD framework dependent upon an alignment with a representative ''mean" trajectory of demonstrated motions rather than pure time- or state-dependence. We discuss the convergence properties of CALM, introduce an alignment technique able to handle the shifts in alignment possible under perturbation, and utilize demonstration clustering to generate multi-modal behavior. We show how CALM mitigates the drawbacks of time-dependent and time-independent techniques on 2D datasets and implement our system on a 7-DoF robot learning tasks in three domains.