# Agentic AI Systems in Electrical Power Systems Engineering: Current State-of-the-Art and Challenges

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.14478 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.14478/

## Key facts

- Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Placed in Financial trading and forecasting agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use.
- Builds on 22 of its 102 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 18 Nov 2025.

## Placed in

- LLM agents and tool use / [Financial trading and forecasting agents](https://mlsanity.com/agents/financial-trading-and-forecasting-agents/)

## Builds on (most cited first, 22 of 22)

- [Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behavior](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.03442/) (2023)
- [Tree of Thoughts: Deliberate Problem Solving with Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.10601/) (2023)
- [A Survey on Large Language Model based Autonomous Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.11432/) (2023)
- [ChemCrow: Augmenting large-language models with chemistry tools](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.05376/) (2023)
- [Model Context Protocol (MCP): Landscape, Security Threats, and Future Research Directions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.23278/) (2025)
- [A Survey of Human-in-the-loop for Machine Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.00941/) (2021)
- [Multimodal Large Language Models: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.13165/) (2023)
- [Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence: Reliable, Safe & Trustworthy](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2002.04087/) (2020)
- [Agentic AI: A Comprehensive Survey of Architectures, Applications, and Future Directions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.25445/) (2025)
- [Generative to Agentic AI: Survey, Conceptualization, and Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.18875/) (2025)
- [Advancing Agentic Systems: Dynamic Task Decomposition, Tool Integration and Evaluation using Novel Metrics and Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.22457/) (2024)
- [ControlAgent: Automating Control System Design via Novel Integration of LLM Agents and Domain Expertise](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.19811/) (2024)
- [AI Agents in Engineering Design: A Multi-Agent Framework for Aesthetic and Aerodynamic Car Design](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.23315/) (2025)
- [Towards a Responsible AI Metrics Catalogue: A Collection of Metrics for AI Accountability](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.13158/) (2023)
- [Advanced Architectures Integrated with Agentic AI for Next-Generation Wireless Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.01089/) (2025)
- [Enhanced Multimodal RAG-LLM for Accurate Visual Question Answering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.20927/) (2024)
- [Generative AI and the Digital Commons](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.11074/) (2023)
- [Designing Accountable Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.08102/) (2021)
- [Agentic-HLS: An agentic reasoning based high-level synthesis system using large language models (AI for EDA workshop 2024)](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.01604/) (2024)
- [Responsible AI in the Software Industry: A Practitioner-Centered Perspective](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.07620/) (2024)
- [GenControl: Generative AI-Driven Autonomous Design of Control Algorithms](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.12554/) (2025)
- [Switch-BERT: Learning to Model Multimodal Interactions by Switching Attention and Input](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.14182/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [Power Systems Agent Benchmark: Executable Evaluation of AI Agents in Electric Power Engineering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.20950/) (2026)
- [Orchestrating Power Grid Studies with Multi-Agent AI and MCP Servers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.14158/) (2026)
- [LLMs and Agentic AI Systems for Smart Grids: A Tutorial on Architectures and Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.18147/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Agentic AI systems have recently emerged as a critical and transformative approach in artificial intelligence, offering capabilities that extend far beyond traditional AI agents and contemporary generative AI models. This rapid evolution necessitates a clear conceptual and taxonomical understanding to differentiate this new paradigm. Our paper addresses this gap by providing a comprehensive review that establishes a precise definition and taxonomy for "agentic AI," with the aim of distinguishing it from previous AI paradigms. The concepts are gradually introduced, starting with a highlight of its diverse applications across the broader field of engineering. The paper then presents four detailed, state-of-the-art use case applications specifically within electrical engineering. These case studies demonstrate practical impact, ranging from an advanced agentic framework for streamlining complex power system studies and benchmarking to a novel system developed for survival analysis of dynamic pricing strategies in battery swapping stations. Finally, to ensure robust deployment, the paper provides detailed failure mode investigations. From these findings, we derive actionable recommendations for the design and implementation of safe, reliable, and accountable agentic AI systems, offering a critical resource for researchers and practitioners.