# MindRec: A Diffusion-driven Coarse-to-Fine Paradigm for Generative Recommendation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.12597 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.12597/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Placed in Diffusion recommenders, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models.
- First posted on arXiv 16 Nov 2025.

## Placed in

- Diffusion models / [Diffusion recommenders](https://mlsanity.com/diffusion/diffusion-recommenders/)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [One Model, Two Markets: Bid-Aware Generative Recommendation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.22231/) (2026)
- [Diffusion Language Model for Recommendation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.21519/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Recent advancements in large language model-based recommendation systems often represent items as text or semantic IDs and generate recommendations in an auto-regressive manner. However, due to the left-to-right greedy decoding strategy and the unidirectional logical flow, such methods often fail to produce globally optimal recommendations. In contrast, human reasoning does not follow a rigid left-to-right sequence. Instead, it often begins with keywords or intuitive insights, which are then refined and expanded. Inspired by this fact, we propose MindRec, a diffusion-driven coarse-to-fine generative paradigm that emulates human thought processes. Built upon a diffusion language model, MindRec departs from auto-regressive generation by leveraging a masked diffusion process to reconstruct items in a flexible, non-sequential manner. Particularly, our method first generates key tokens that reflect user preferences, and then expands them into the complete item, enabling adaptive and human-like generation. To further emulate the structured nature of human decision-making, we organize items into a hierarchical category tree. This structure guides the model to first produce the coarse-grained category and then progressively refine its selection through finer-grained subcategories before generating the specific item. To mitigate the local optimum problem inherent in greedy decoding, we design a novel beam search algorithm, Diffusion Beam Search, tailored for our mind-inspired generation paradigm. Experimental results demonstrate that MindRec yields a 9.5% average improvement in top-1 accuracy over state-of-the-art methods, highlighting its potential to enhance recommendation performance. The implementation is available via https://github.com/Mr-Peach0301/MindRec.