# Data-Driven Modeling of Spatiotemporal Dynamics Using Multimodal Imaging Data

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.08847 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.08847/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 12 Nov 2025.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Neural operator-based digital twins for modeling amyloid-β and tau propagation and treatment optimization in Alzheimer's disease](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.25185/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Understanding how biological systems evolve across space and time remains a fundamental challenge, particularly when dynamic processes vary substantially across individuals. We present a personalized graph-based dynamical modeling framework for characterizing spatiotemporal biological dynamics from longitudinal multimodal imaging data. The framework constructs individualized brain graphs from MRI and PET measurements and learns patient-specific dynamical parameters governing regional structural and molecular changes. Applied to 1,891 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, the model captures the coordinated evolution of amyloid-β, tau, neurodegeneration, and cognition and accurately predicts their future trajectories, outperforming established clinical and neuroimaging benchmarks. Patient-specific dynamical parameters reveal distinct patterns of biological progression and provide improved prediction of future cognitive decline compared with standard biomarkers. Sensitivity analysis further identifies regional network features associated with the propagation of pathological and structural changes, recovering known temporolimbic and frontal vulnerability patterns. These results demonstrate how data-driven dynamical modeling can integrate multimodal longitudinal measurements to uncover individualized spatiotemporal patterns and latent mechanisms of biological change. The framework provides a quantitative approach for studying complex biological dynamics across heterogeneous individuals and establishes a foundation for personalized modeling of progressive biological processes.