# Powered Descent Trajectory Optimization of Chandrayaan-3 using Radau Collocation and Controllable Sets

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.03594 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.03594/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 5 Nov 2025.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Real-Time Retargeting Using Controllability Boundary for Chandrayaan-3 Lunar Landing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.29412/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

India achieved a significant milestone on August 23rd 2023, becoming the fourth country to accomplish a soft landing on the Moon. This paper presents the powered descent trajectory design for the Chandrayaan-3 mission. The optimization framework is based on pseudospectral Radau collocation, and controllability-based waypoint refinement is employed to further enhance the robustness of the trajectory against state and control perturbations. Furthermore, the trade-off between fuel consumption and robustness is explicitly quantified, providing insights into the practical considerations of mission planning.