# Proof-of-Spiking-Neurons(PoSN): Neuromorphic Consensus for Next-Generation Blockchains

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.02868 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.02868/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 8 of its 30 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 3 Nov 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 8 of 8)

- [SpiNNaker2: A Large-Scale Neuromorphic System for Event-Based and Asynchronous Machine Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.04491/) (2024)
- [Fusing Blockchain and AI with Metaverse: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.03201/) (2022)
- [Blockchain Consensus Protocols in the Wild](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1707.01873/) (2017)
- [A Survey of Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence for 6G Wireless Communications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.08604/) (2023)
- [V-ZOR: Enabling Verifiable Cross-Blockchain Communication via Quantum-Driven ZKP Oracle Relays](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.10996/) (2025)
- [SoK: Decentralized Randomness Beacon Protocols](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.13333/) (2022)
- [Towards Quantum-Ready Blockchain Fraud Detection via Ensemble Graph Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.23101/) (2025)
- [chainBoost: A Secure Performance Booster for Blockchain-based Resource Markets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.16095/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Blockchain systems face persistent challenges of scalability, latency, and energy inefficiency. Existing consensus protocols such as Proof-of-Work (PoW) and Proof-of-Stake (PoS) either consume excessive resources or risk centralization. This paper proposes textitProof-of-Spiking-Neurons (PoSN), a neuromorphic consensus protocol inspired by spiking neural networks. PoSN encodes transactions as spike trains, elects leaders through competitive firing dynamics, and finalizes blocks via neural synchronization, enabling parallel and event-driven consensus with minimal energy overhead. A hybrid system architecture is implemented on neuromorphic platforms, supported by simulation frameworks such as Nengo and PyNN. Experimental results show significant gains in energy efficiency, throughput, and convergence compared to PoB and PoR. PoSN establishes a foundation for sustainable, adaptive blockchains suitable for IoT, edge, and large-scale distributed systems.