# PartNeXt: A Next-Generation Dataset for Fine-Grained and Hierarchical 3D Part Understanding

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.20155 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.20155/

## Key facts

- Cited by 26 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 48 of its 57 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 23 Oct 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 48)

- [Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.00020/) (2021)
- [Qwen3 Technical Report](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.09388/) (2025)
- [Segment Anything](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.02643/) (2023)
- [Efficient Memory Management for Large Language Model Serving with PagedAttention](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.06180/) (2023)
- [PointNet: Deep Learning on Point Sets for 3D Classification and Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1612.00593/) (2016)
- [GPT-4o System Card](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.21276/) (2024)
- [PointNet++: Deep Hierarchical Feature Learning on Point Sets in a Metric Space](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.02413/) (2017)
- [Objaverse: A Universe of Annotated 3D Objects](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.08051/) (2022)
- [A Point Set Generation Network for 3D Object Reconstruction from a Single Image](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1612.00603/) (2016)
- [A Large Dataset to Train Convolutional Networks for Disparity, Optical Flow, and Scene Flow Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.02134/) (2015)
- [Objaverse-XL: A Universe of 10M+ 3D Objects](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.05663/) (2023)
- [Common Objects in 3D: Large-Scale Learning and Evaluation of Real-life 3D Category Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.00512/) (2021)
- [SAPIEN: A SimulAted Part-based Interactive ENvironment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.08515/) (2020)
- [Revisiting Point Cloud Classification: A New Benchmark Dataset and Classification Model on Real-World Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.04616/) (2019)
- [PartNet: A Large-scale Benchmark for Fine-grained and Hierarchical Part-level 3D Object Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.02713/) (2018)
- [GET3D: A Generative Model of High Quality 3D Textured Shapes Learned from Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.11163/) (2022)
- [ABO: Dataset and Benchmarks for Real-World 3D Object Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.06199/) (2021)
- [PointLLM: Empowering Large Language Models to Understand Point Clouds](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.16911/) (2023)
- [OmniObject3D: Large-Vocabulary 3D Object Dataset for Realistic Perception, Reconstruction and Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.07525/) (2023)
- [3D-FUTURE: 3D Furniture shape with TextURE](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2009.09633/) (2020)
- [MVImgNet: A Large-scale Dataset of Multi-view Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.06042/) (2023)
- [Scalable 3D Captioning with Pretrained Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.07279/) (2023)
- [Thingi10K: A Dataset of 10,000 3D-Printing Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1605.04797/) (2016)
- [Ditto: Building Digital Twins of Articulated Objects from Interaction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.08227/) (2022)
- [GAPartNet: Cross-Category Domain-Generalizable Object Perception and Manipulation via Generalizable and Actionable Parts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.05272/) (2022)
- [ShapeLLM: Universal 3D Object Understanding for Embodied Interaction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.17766/) (2024)
- [PartSLIP: Low-Shot Part Segmentation for 3D Point Clouds via Pretrained Image-Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.01558/) (2022)
- [PARIS: Part-level Reconstruction and Motion Analysis for Articulated Objects](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.07391/) (2023)
- [URDFormer: A Pipeline for Constructing Articulated Simulation Environments from Real-World Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.11656/) (2024)
- [3D AffordanceNet: A Benchmark for Visual Object Affordance Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.16397/) (2021)

## Built on by (most cited first, 26 of 26)

- [HY3D-Bench: Generation of 3D Assets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.03907/) (2026)
- [SegviGen: Repurposing 3D Generative Model for Part Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.16869/) (2026)
- [Feedforward 3D Editing Learns from Semantic-Part Transformation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.27351/) (2026)
- [Kinematify: Open-Vocabulary Synthesis of High-DoF Articulated Objects](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.01294/) (2025)
- [LaS-Comp: Zero-shot 3D Completion with Latent-Spatial Consistency](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.18735/) (2026)
- [ArtLLM: Generating Articulated Assets via 3D LLM](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.01142/) (2026)
- [Reconstruction by Generation: 3D Multi-Object Scene Reconstruction from Sparse Observations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.27106/) (2026)
- [Artiverse: A Diverse and Physically Grounded Dataset for Articulated Objects](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.24403/) (2026)
- [Instruct-Particulate: Scaling Feed-Forward 3D Object Articulation with Kinematic Control](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.14699/) (2026)
- [VideoAfford: Grounding 3D Affordance from Human-Object-Interaction Videos via Multimodal Large Language Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.09638/) (2026)
- [AssemLM: A Spatial Reasoning Multimodal Large Language Model for Robotic Assembly](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.08983/) (2026)
- [Sequential Planning via Anchored Robotic Keypoints](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.30613/) (2026)
- [CRAG: Can 3D Generative Models Help 3D Assembly?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.22629/) (2026)
- [R3D: Revisiting 3D Policy Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.15281/) (2026)
- [PartLLM: A Unified Multimodal Foundation for 3D Part Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.25832/) (2026)
- [XDen-1K: A Density Field Dataset of Real-World Objects](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.10668/) (2025)
- [PARSE: Part-Aware Relational Spatial Modeling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.07704/) (2026)
- [AnnotateAnything: Automatic Annotation of 3D Assets for Robot Manipulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.17446/) (2026)
- [Hunyuan3D-Buffalo 1.0: A Unified Multimodal Model for Scalable 3D Generation, Understanding, and Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.02711/) (2026)
- [MegaParts: Scaling Part-Aware 3D Object Generation to 300 Parts via Token-Efficient Autoregressive Modeling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.14783/) (2026)
- [KaiNinja: Extending Native 3D Generators to the Part Level](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.15659/) (2026)
- [PART: Learning 3D Part Assembly and Retrieval with Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.19872/) (2026)
- [Scaling Versatile 3D Assets Editing with a Million-Scale Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.34271/) (2026)
- [DirectUV: Image-Conditioned UV Texture Generation with Surface-Aware Positional Encoding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.34651/) (2026)
- [Point2Part: Unified 3D Partitioning from Point Prompts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.38180/) (2026)
- [LLM2R: From Large Language Models to 3D Reassemblers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.18604/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Understanding objects at the level of their constituent parts is fundamental to advancing computer vision, graphics, and robotics. While datasets like PartNet have driven progress in 3D part understanding, their reliance on untextured geometries and expert-dependent annotation limits scalability and usability. We introduce PartNeXt, a next-generation dataset addressing these gaps with over 23,000 high-quality, textured 3D models annotated with fine-grained, hierarchical part labels across 50 categories. We benchmark PartNeXt on two tasks: (1) class-agnostic part segmentation, where state-of-the-art methods (e.g., PartField, SAMPart3D) struggle with fine-grained and leaf-level parts, and (2) 3D part-centric question answering, a new benchmark for 3D-LLMs that reveals significant gaps in open-vocabulary part grounding. Additionally, training Point-SAM on PartNeXt yields substantial gains over PartNet, underscoring the dataset's superior quality and diversity. By combining scalable annotation, texture-aware labels, and multi-task evaluation, PartNeXt opens new avenues for research in structured 3D understanding.