# FutrTrack: A Camera-LiDAR Fusion Transformer for 3D Multiple Object Tracking

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.19981 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.19981/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 34 of its 45 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 22 Oct 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 34)

- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windows](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.14030/) (2021)
- [End-to-End Object Detection with Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.12872/) (2020)
- [nuScenes: A multimodal dataset for autonomous driving](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1903.11027/) (2019)
- [VoxelNet: End-to-End Learning for Point Cloud Based 3D Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1711.06396/) (2017)
- [Center-based 3D Object Detection and Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.11275/) (2020)
- [Simple Online and Realtime Tracking with a Deep Association Metric](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1703.07402/) (2017)
- [Simple Online and Realtime Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1602.00763/) (2016)
- [BEVFusion: Multi-Task Multi-Sensor Fusion with Unified Bird's-Eye View Representation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.13542/) (2022)
- [HOTA: A Higher Order Metric for Evaluating Multi-Object Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2009.07736/) (2020)
- [TrackFormer: Multi-Object Tracking with Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.02702/) (2021)
- [TransFusion: Robust LiDAR-Camera Fusion for 3D Object Detection with Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.11496/) (2022)
- [PointPainting: Sequential Fusion for 3D Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1911.10150/) (2019)
- [Tracking without bells and whistles](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1903.05625/) (2019)
- [MOTR: End-to-End Multiple-Object Tracking with Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.03247/) (2021)
- [MOT20: A benchmark for multi object tracking in crowded scenes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.09003/) (2020)
- [Exploring Object-Centric Temporal Modeling for Efficient Multi-View 3D Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.11926/) (2023)
- [SimpleTrack: Understanding and Rethinking 3D Multi-object Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.09621/) (2021)
- [MUTR3D: A Multi-camera Tracking Framework via 3D-to-2D Queries](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.00613/) (2022)
- [SparseFusion: Fusing Multi-Modal Sparse Representations for Multi-Sensor 3D Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.14340/) (2023)
- [MSMDFusion: Fusing LiDAR and Camera at Multiple Scales with Multi-Depth Seeds for 3D Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.03102/) (2022)
- [FocalFormer3D : Focusing on Hard Instance for 3D Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.04556/) (2023)
- [Poly-MOT: A Polyhedral Framework For 3D Multi-Object Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.16675/) (2023)
- [3DMOTFormer: Graph Transformer for Online 3D Multi-Object Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.06635/) (2023)
- [MotionTrack: End-to-End Transformer-based Multi-Object Tracing with LiDAR-Camera Fusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.17000/) (2023)
- [MCTrack: A Unified 3D Multi-Object Tracking Framework for Autonomous Driving](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.16149/) (2024)
- [Li3DeTr: A LiDAR based 3D Detection Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.15365/) (2022)
- [Fast-Poly: A Fast Polyhedral Framework For 3D Multi-Object Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.13443/) (2024)
- [OCBEV: Object-Centric BEV Transformer for Multi-View 3D Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.01738/) (2023)
- [LEGO: Learning and Graph-Optimized Modular Tracker for Online Multi-Object Tracking with Point Clouds](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.09908/) (2023)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We propose FutrTrack, a modular camera-LiDAR multi-object tracking framework that builds on existing 3D detectors by introducing a transformer-based smoother and a fusion-driven tracker. Inspired by query-based tracking frameworks, FutrTrack employs a multimodal two-stage transformer refinement and tracking pipeline. Our fusion tracker integrates bounding boxes with multimodal bird's-eye-view (BEV) fusion features from multiple cameras and LiDAR without the need for an explicit motion model. The tracker assigns and propagates identities across frames, leveraging both geometric and semantic cues for robust re-identification under occlusion and viewpoint changes. Prior to tracking, we refine sequences of bounding boxes with a temporal smoother over a moving window to refine trajectories, reduce jitter, and improve spatial consistency. Evaluated on nuScenes and KITTI, FutrTrack demonstrates that query-based transformer tracking methods benefit significantly from multimodal sensor features compared with previous single-sensor approaches. With an aMOTA of 74.7 on the nuScenes test set, FutrTrack achieves strong performance on 3D MOT benchmarks, reducing identity switches while maintaining competitive accuracy. Our approach provides an efficient framework for improving transformer-based trackers to compete with other neural-network-based methods even with limited data and without pretraining.