# Algorithmic Fairness in AI Surrogates for End-of-Life Decision-Making

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.16056 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.16056/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 7 of its 38 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 16 Oct 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 7 of 7)

- [Equality of Opportunity in Supervised Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1610.02413/) (2016)
- [Counterfactual Fairness](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1703.06856/) (2017)
- [Improving fairness in machine learning systems: What do industry practitioners need?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.05239/) (2018)
- [Path-Specific Counterfactual Fairness](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1802.08139/) (2018)
- [Fairness in Machine Learning: Lessons from Political Philosophy](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1712.03586/) (2017)
- [Decolonial AI: Decolonial Theory as Sociotechnical Foresight in Artificial Intelligence](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.04068/) (2020)
- [Fairness Behind a Veil of Ignorance: A Welfare Analysis for Automated Decision Making](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1806.04959/) (2018)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [AI, Brain Death Detection, and Islamic Law](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.16903/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Artificial intelligence surrogates are systems designed to infer preferences when individuals lose decision-making capacity. Fairness in such systems is a domain that has been insufficiently explored. Traditional algorithmic fairness frameworks are insufficient for contexts where decisions are relational, existential, and culturally diverse. This paper explores an ethical framework for algorithmic fairness in AI surrogates by mapping major fairness notions onto potential real-world end-of-life scenarios. It then examines fairness across moral traditions. The authors argue that fairness in this domain extends beyond parity of outcomes to encompass moral representation, fidelity to the patient's values, relationships, and worldview.