# Network-Optimised Spiking Neural Network (NOS) Scheduling for 6G O-RAN: Spectral Margin and Delay-Tail Control

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11291 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.11291/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 3 of its 11 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 13 Oct 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [OpenRAN Gym: AI/ML Development, Data Collection, and Testing for O-RAN on PAWR Platforms](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.12362/) (2022)
- [Network-Optimised Spiking Neural Network for Event-Driven Networking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.23516/) (2025)
- [TailO-RAN: O-RAN Control on Scheduler Parameters to Tailor RAN Performance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.12112/) (2025)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Large Language Models for Agentic NetOps and AIOps: Architectures, Evaluation, and Safety](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.12729/) (2026)
- [NOS-Gate: Queue-Aware Streaming IDS for Consumer Gateways under Timing-Controlled Evasion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.00389/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

This work presents a Network-Optimised Spiking (NOS) delay-aware scheduler for 6G radio access. The scheme couples a bounded two-state kernel to a clique-feasible proportional-fair (PF) grant head: the excitability state acts as a finite-buffer proxy, the recovery state suppresses repeated grants, and neighbour pressure is injected along the interference graph via delayed spikes. A small-signal analysis yields a delay-dependent threshold k_star(Delta) and a spectral margin δ = k_star(Delta) - gHρ(W) that compress topology, controller gain, and delay into a single design parameter. Under light assumptions on arrivals, we prove geometric ergodicity for δ>0 and derive sub-Gaussian backlog and delay tail bounds with exponents proportional to δ. A numerical study, aligned with the analysis and a DU compute budget, compares NOS with PF and delayed backpressure (BP) across interference topologies over a 5--20,ms delay sweep. With a single gain fixed at the worst spectral radius, NOS sustains higher utilisation and a smaller 99.9th-percentile delay while remaining clique-feasible on integer PRBs.