# BrainForm: a Serious Game for BCI Training and Data Collection

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10169 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.10169/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 2 of its 31 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 11 Oct 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Gamification of Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface Training Protocols: a systematic review](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.04610/) (2024)
- [Playing With Neuroscience: Past, Present and Future of Neuroimaging and Games](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.15413/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

textitBrainForm is a gamified Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) training system designed for scalable data collection using consumer hardware and a minimal setup. We investigated (1) how users develop BCI control skills across repeated sessions and (2) perceptual and performance effects of two visual stimulation textures. Game Experience Questionnaire (GEQ) scores for Flow, Positive Affect, Competence and Challenge were strongly positive, indicating sustained engagement. A within-subject study with multiple runs, two task complexities, and post-session questionnaires revealed no significant performance differences between textures but increased ocular irritation over time. Online metricsunicodex2013Task Accuracy, Task Time, and Information Transfer Rateunicodex2013improved across sessions, confirming learning effects for symbol spelling, even under pressure conditions. Our results highlight the potential of textitBrainForm as a scalable, user-friendly BCI research tool and offer guidance for sustained engagement and reduced training fatigue.