# Detection of retinal diseases using an accelerated reused convolutional network

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04232 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.04232/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 16 of its 53 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 5 Oct 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 16 of 16)

- [An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.11929/) (2020)
- [Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windows](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.14030/) (2021)
- [ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1409.0575/) (2014)
- [EfficientNet: Rethinking Model Scaling for Convolutional Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.11946/) (2019)
- [Xception: Deep Learning with Depthwise Separable Convolutions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1610.02357/) (2016)
- [ShuffleNet: An Extremely Efficient Convolutional Neural Network for Mobile Devices](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1707.01083/) (2017)
- [ShuffleNet V2: Practical Guidelines for Efficient CNN Architecture Design](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.11164/) (2018)
- [EfficientNetV2: Smaller Models and Faster Training](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.00298/) (2021)
- [ACNet: Strengthening the Kernel Skeletons for Powerful CNN via Asymmetric Convolution Blocks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.03930/) (2019)
- [Designing Energy-Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks using Energy-Aware Pruning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1611.05128/) (2016)
- [A Benchmark of Ocular Disease Intelligent Recognition: One Shot for Multi-disease Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.07978/) (2021)
- [DeepCervix: A Deep Learning-based Framework for the Classification of Cervical Cells Using Hybrid Deep Feature Fusion Techniques](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.12191/) (2021)
- [A New Pairwise Deep Learning Feature For Environmental Microorganism Image Analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.12147/) (2021)
- [IL-MCAM: An interactive learning and multi-channel attention mechanism-based weakly supervised colorectal histopathology image classification approach](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.03368/) (2022)
- [Robust deep learning for eye fundus images: Bridging real and synthetic data for enhancing generalization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.13856/) (2022)
- [Hand bone age estimation using divide and conquer strategy and lightweight convolutional neural networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.14986/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Convolutional neural networks are continually evolving, with some efforts aimed at improving accuracy, others at increasing speed, and some at enhancing accessibility. Improving accessibility broadens the application of neural networks across a wider range of tasks, including the detection of eye diseases. Early diagnosis of eye diseases and consulting an ophthalmologist can prevent many vision disorders. Given the importance of this issue, various datasets have been collected from the cornea to facilitate the process of making neural network models. However, most of the methods introduced in the past are computationally complex. In this study, we tried to increase the accessibility of deep neural network models. We did this at the most fundamental level, specifically by redesigning and optimizing the convolutional layers. By doing so, we created a new general model that incorporates our novel convolutional layer named ArConv layers. Thanks to the efficient performance of this new layer, the model has suitable complexity for use in mobile phones and can perform the task of diagnosing the presence of disease with high accuracy. The final model we present contains only 1.3 million parameters. In comparison to the MobileNetV2 model, which has 2.2 million parameters, our model demonstrated better accuracy when trained and evaluated on the RfMiD dataset under identical conditions, achieving an accuracy of 0.9328 versus 0.9266 on the RfMiD test set.