# ReSeFlow: Rectifying SE(3)-Equivariant Policy Learning Flows

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22695 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.22695/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Placed in Diffusion and flow policies for robotics, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models.
- Builds on 25 of its 30 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 20 Sep 2025.

## Placed in

- Diffusion models / [Diffusion and flow policies for robotics](https://mlsanity.com/diffusion/diffusion-and-flow-policies-for-robotics/)

## Builds on (most cited first, 25 of 25)

- [Flow Straight and Fast: Learning to Generate and Transfer Data with Rectified Flow](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.03003/) (2022)
- [Diffusion Policy: Visuomotor Policy Learning via Action Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.04137/) (2023)
- [TinyVLA: Towards Fast, Data-Efficient Vision-Language-Action Models for Robotic Manipulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.12514/) (2024)
- [PeRFlow: Piecewise Rectified Flow as Universal Plug-and-Play Accelerator](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.07510/) (2024)
- [Hierarchical Diffusion Policy for Kinematics-Aware Multi-Task Robotic Manipulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.03890/) (2024)
- [EquiBot: SIM(3)-Equivariant Diffusion Policy for Generalizable and Data Efficient Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.01479/) (2024)
- [Vision-Language-Action (VLA) Models: Concepts, Progress, Applications and Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.04769/) (2025)
- [Diffusion-EDFs: Bi-equivariant Denoising Generative Modeling on SE(3) for Visual Robotic Manipulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.02685/) (2023)
- [FlowIE: Efficient Image Enhancement via Rectified Flow](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.00508/) (2024)
- [SPOT: SE(3) Pose Trajectory Diffusion for Object-Centric Manipulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.00965/) (2024)
- [Simple ReFlow: Improved Techniques for Fast Flow Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.07815/) (2024)
- [SlimFlow: Training Smaller One-Step Diffusion Models with Rectified Flow](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.12718/) (2024)
- [Autoregressive Action Sequence Learning for Robotic Manipulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.03132/) (2024)
- [ET-SEED: Efficient Trajectory-Level SE(3) Equivariant Diffusion Policy](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.03990/) (2024)
- [Spatial-Temporal Graph Diffusion Policy with Kinematic Modeling for Bimanual Robotic Manipulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.10743/) (2025)
- [Motion Before Action: Diffusing Object Motion as Manipulation Condition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.09658/) (2024)
- [Diff9D: Diffusion-Based Domain-Generalized Category-Level 9-DoF Object Pose Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.02525/) (2025)
- [Fast LiDAR Data Generation with Rectified Flows](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.02241/) (2024)
- [Rectified Point Flow: Generic Point Cloud Pose Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.05282/) (2025)
- [NeuPAN: Direct Point Robot Navigation with End-to-End Model-based Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.06828/) (2024)
- [Robotic Compliant Object Prying Using Diffusion Policy Guided by Vision and Force Observations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.03998/) (2025)
- [3D-MoE: Towards Spatial Intelligence with Mixture-of-Experts for 3D Reasoning and Action Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.16698/) (2025)
- [DISCO: Language-Guided Manipulation with Diffusion Policies and Constrained Inpainting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.09767/) (2024)
- [DeformPAM: Data-Efficient Learning for Long-horizon Deformable Object Manipulation via Preference-based Action Alignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.11584/) (2024)
- [Efficient Task-specific Conditional Diffusion Policies: Shortcut Model Acceleration and SO(3) Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.09927/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Robotic manipulation in unstructured environments requires the generation of robust and long-horizon trajectory-level policy with conditions of perceptual observations and benefits from the advantages of SE(3)-equivariant diffusion models that are data-efficient. However, these models suffer from the inference time costs. Inspired by the inference efficiency of rectified flows, we introduce the rectification to the SE(3)-diffusion models and propose the ReSeFlow, i.e., Rectifying SE(3)-Equivariant Policy Learning Flows, providing fast, geodesic-consistent, least-computational policy generation. Crucially, both components employ SE(3)-equivariant networks to preserve rotational and translational symmetry, enabling robust generalization under rigid-body motions. With the verification on the simulated benchmarks, we find that the proposed ReSeFlow with only one inference step can achieve better performance with lower geodesic distance than the baseline methods, achieving up to a 48.5% error reduction on the painting task and a 21.9% reduction on the rotating triangle task compared to the baseline's 100-step inference. This method takes advantages of both SE(3) equivariance and rectified flow and puts it forward for the real-world application of generative policy learning models with the data and inference efficiency.