# Deep Learning for Personalized Binaural Audio Reproduction

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.00400 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.00400/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 30 Aug 2025.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Spatial-Omni: Spatial Audio Understanding Integration in Multimodal LLMs via FOA Encoding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.10738/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Personalized binaural audio reproduction is the basis of realistic spatial localization, sound externalization, and immersive listening, directly shaping user experience and listening effort. This survey reviews recent advances in deep learning for this task and organizes them by generation mechanism into two paradigms: explicit personalized filtering and end-to-end rendering. Explicit methods predict personalized head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) from sparse measurements, morphological features, or environmental cues, and then use them in the conventional rendering pipeline. End-to-end methods map source signals directly to binaural signals, aided by other inputs such as visual, textual, or parametric guidance, and they learn personalization within the model. We also summarize the field's main datasets and evaluation metrics to support fair and repeatable comparison. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of key applications enabled by these technologies, current technical limitations, and potential research directions for deep learning-based spatial audio systems.