# Toward Multi-Functional LAWNs with ISAC: Opportunities, Challenges, and the Road Ahead

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.17354 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.17354/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 24 Aug 2025.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Agentic AI Networking for Heterogeneous Unmanned Aerial Systems in Low-Altitude Wireless Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.19538/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has been envisioned as a foundational technology for future low-altitude wireless networks (LAWNs), enabling real-time environmental perception and data exchange across aerial-ground systems. In this article, we first explore the roles of ISAC in LAWNs from both node-level and network-level perspectives. We highlight the performance gains achieved through hierarchical integration and cooperation, wherein key design trade-offs are demonstrated. Apart from physical-layer enhancements, emerging LAWN applications demand broader functionalities. To this end, we propose a multi-functional LAWN framework that extends ISAC with capabilities in control, computation, wireless power transfer, and large language model (LLM)-based intelligence. We further provide a representative case study to present the benefits of ISAC-enabled LAWNs and the promising research directions are finally outlined.