# Towards SISO Bistatic Sensing for ISAC

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12614 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.12614/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 22 of its 49 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 18 Aug 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 22 of 22)

- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [MobileNetV2: Inverted Residuals and Linear Bottlenecks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.04381/) (2018)
- [ShuffleNet V2: Practical Guidelines for Efficient CNN Architecture Design](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.11164/) (2018)
- [SqueezeNet: AlexNet-level accuracy with 50x fewer parameters and <0.5MB model size](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1602.07360/) (2016)
- [MobileViT: Light-weight, General-purpose, and Mobile-friendly Vision Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.02178/) (2021)
- [WirelessGPT: A Generative Pre-trained Multi-task Learning Framework for Wireless Communication](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.06877/) (2025)
- [SenseFi: A Library and Benchmark on Deep-Learning-Empowered WiFi Human Sensing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.07859/) (2022)
- [An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for Joint Communication and Radar Sensing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.12780/) (2021)
- [SHARP: Environment and Person Independent Activity Recognition with Commodity IEEE 802.11 Access Points](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.09924/) (2021)
- [WiMANS: A Benchmark Dataset for WiFi-based Multi-user Activity Sensing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.09430/) (2024)
- [mD-Track: Leveraging Multi-Dimensionality in Passive Indoor Wi-Fi Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.03103/) (2018)
- [Integrated Sensing and Communications: Recent Advances and Ten Open Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.00179/) (2023)
- [An Overview on IEEE 802.11bf: WLAN Sensing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.17661/) (2023)
- [Decimeter Ranging with Channel State Information](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1902.09652/) (2019)
- [JUMP: Joint communication and sensing with Unsynchronized transceivers Made Practical](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.07766/) (2023)
- [Uplink Sensing in Perceptive Mobile Networks with Asynchronous Transceivers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.09098/) (2020)
- [Single-Target Real-Time Passive WiFi Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.06006/) (2021)
- [Uplink Sensing Using CSI Ratio in Perceptive Mobile Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.03250/) (2022)
- [Performance Bounds and Optimization for CSI-Ratio based Bi-static Doppler Sensing in ISAC Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.09064/) (2024)
- [Water Level Sensing via Communication Signals in a Bi-Static System](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.19539/) (2025)
- [ISAC: From Human to Environmental Sensing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.13766/) (2025)
- [Integration of Radar Sensing into Communications with Asynchronous Transceivers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.16043/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [WiFuse: An Attention Mechanism for Human Activity Recognition using Fused CSI Amplitude and Delay-Doppler Channel Features](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.00642/) (2026)
- [Agentic Semantic Sensing for Resource-Adaptive AI-RAN](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.07829/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) is a key enabler for next-generation wireless systems. However, real-world deployment is often limited to low-cost, single-antenna transceivers. In such bistatic Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) setup, clock asynchrony introduces random phase offsets in Channel State Information (CSI), which cannot be mitigated using conventional multi-antenna methods. This work proposes WiDFS 3.0, a lightweight bistatic SISO sensing framework that enables accurate delay and Doppler estimation from distorted CSI by effectively suppressing Doppler mirroring ambiguity. It operates with only a single antenna at both the transmitter and receiver, making it suitable for low-complexity deployments. We propose a self-referencing cross-correlation (SRCC) method for SISO random phase removal and employ delay-domain beamforming to resolve Doppler ambiguity. The resulting unambiguous delay-Doppler-time features enable robust sensing with compact neural networks. Extensive experiments show that WiDFS 3.0 achieves accurate parameter estimation, with performance comparable to or even surpassing that of prior multi-antenna methods, especially in delay estimation. Validated under single- and multi-target scenarios, the extracted ambiguity-resolved features show strong sensing accuracy and generalization. For example, when deployed on the embedded-friendly MobileViT-XXS with only 1.3M parameters, WiDFS 3.0 consistently outperforms conventional features such as CSI amplitude, mirrored Doppler, and multi-receiver aggregated Doppler.