# A Privacy-Centric Approach: Scalable and Secure Federated Learning Enabled by Hybrid Homomorphic Encryption

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14853 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.14853/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 15 of its 40 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 20 Jul 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 15 of 15)

- [Communication-Efficient Learning of Deep Networks from Decentralized Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1602.05629/) (2016)
- [Federated Learning: Strategies for Improving Communication Efficiency](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1610.05492/) (2016)
- [Deep Leakage from Gradients](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1906.08935/) (2019)
- [Inverting Gradients -- How easy is it to break privacy in federated learning?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.14053/) (2020)
- [A Survey on Federated Learning Systems: Vision, Hype and Reality for Data Privacy and Protection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.09693/) (2019)
- [Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning with Fully Homomorphic Encryption for Deep Neural Network](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.07229/) (2021)
- [ARIANN: Low-Interaction Privacy-Preserving Deep Learning via Function Secret Sharing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.04593/) (2020)
- [Secure Neuroimaging Analysis using Federated Learning with Homomorphic Encryption](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.03437/) (2021)
- [PrivFL: Practical Privacy-preserving Federated Regressions on High-dimensional Data over Mobile Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.02264/) (2020)
- [Love or Hate? Share or Split? Privacy-Preserving Training Using Split Learning and Homomorphic Encryption](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.10517/) (2023)
- [GuardML: Efficient Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning Services Through Hybrid Homomorphic Encryption](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.14840/) (2024)
- [Split Without a Leak: Reducing Privacy Leakage in Split Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.15783/) (2023)
- [Learning in the Dark: Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning using Function Approximation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.08190/) (2023)
- [Make Split, not Hijack: Preventing Feature-Space Hijacking Attacks in Split Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.09265/) (2024)
- [Split Happens: Combating Advanced Threats with Split Learning and Function Secret Sharing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.10494/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training without sharing raw data, making it a promising approach for privacy-sensitive domains. Despite its potential, FL faces significant challenges, particularly in terms of communication overhead and data privacy. Privacy-preserving Techniques (PPTs) such as Homomorphic Encryption (HE) have been used to mitigate these concerns. However, these techniques introduce substantial computational and communication costs, limiting their practical deployment. In this work, we explore how Hybrid Homomorphic Encryption (HHE), a cryptographic protocol that combines symmetric encryption with HE, can be effectively integrated with FL to address both communication and privacy challenges, paving the way for scalable and secure decentralized learning system.