# iBreath: Usage Of Breathing Gestures as Means of Interactions

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04162 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.04162/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 5 Jul 2025.

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [From Neck to Head: Bio-Impedance Sensing for Head Pose Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.12884/) (2025)
- [Bridging Generalization and Personalization in Human Activity Recognition via On-Device Few-Shot Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.15413/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Breathing is a spontaneous but controllable body function that can be used for hands-free interaction. Our work introduces "iBreath", a novel system to detect breathing gestures similar to clicks using bio-impedance. We evaluated iBreath's accuracy and user experience using two lab studies (n=34). Our results show high detection accuracy (F1-scores > 95.2%). Furthermore, the users found the gestures easy to use and comfortable. Thus, we developed eight practical guidelines for the future development of breathing gestures. For example, designers can train users on new gestures within just 50 seconds (five trials), and achieve robust performance with both user-dependent and user-independent models trained on data from 21 participants, each yielding accuracies above 90%. Users preferred single clicks and disliked triple clicks. The median gesture duration is 3.5-5.3 seconds. Our work provides solid ground for researchers to experiment with creating breathing gestures and interactions.