# Perspective Dial: Measuring Perspective of Text and Guiding LLM Outputs

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.23377 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.23377/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 11 of its 19 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 29 Jun 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 11 of 11)

- [BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERT](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.09675/) (2019)
- [Universal and Transferable Adversarial Attacks on Aligned Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.15043/) (2023)
- [StereoSet: Measuring stereotypical bias in pretrained language models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.09456/) (2020)
- [Jailbreaking ChatGPT via Prompt Engineering: An Empirical Study](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.13860/) (2023)
- [BOLD: Dataset and Metrics for Measuring Biases in Open-Ended Language Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.11718/) (2021)
- [Persistent Anti-Muslim Bias in Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.05783/) (2021)
- [Sentiment Analysis in the Era of Large Language Models: A Reality Check](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.15005/) (2023)
- [Deep Learning for Sentiment Analysis : A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.07883/) (2018)
- [The Unequal Opportunities of Large Language Models: Revealing Demographic Bias through Job Recommendations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.02053/) (2023)
- [Quantifying Social Biases Using Templates is Unreliable](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.04337/) (2022)
- [On Large Language Models in Mission-Critical IT Governance: Are We Ready Yet?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.11698/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Large language models (LLMs) are used in a variety of mission-critical roles. Due to the rapidly developing nature of LLMs, there is a lack of quantifiable understanding of the bias and perspective associated with LLM output. Inspired by this need, this paper considers the broader issue of perspective or viewpoint of general text and perspective control of large-language model (LLM) output. Perspective-Dial consists of two main components: a (1) metric space, dubbed Perspective Space, that enables quantitative measurements of different perspectives regarding a topic, and the use of (2) Systematic Prompt Engineering that utilizes greedy-coordinate descent to control LLM output perspective based on measurement feedback from the Perspective Space. The empirical nature of the approach allows progress to side step a principled understanding of perspective or bias -- effectively quantifying and adjusting outputs for a variety of topics. Potential applications include detection, tracking and mitigation of LLM bias, narrative detection, sense making and tracking in public discourse, and debate bot advocating given perspective.