# Passive Multi-Target Visible Light Positioning Based on Multi-Camera Joint Optimization

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02418 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.02418/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 3 Jun 2025.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Visible Light Positioning With Lam'e Curve LEDs: A Generic Approach for Camera Pose Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.01577/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Camera-based visible light positioning (VLP) has emerged as a promising indoor positioning technique. However, the need for dedicated luminaire infrastructure and on-target cameras in existing algorithms may limit their scalability and increase deployment costs. To address these limitations, this letter proposes a passive VLP algorithm based on Multi-Camera Joint Optimization (MCJO). In the considered system, multiple ceiling-mounted pre-calibrated cameras continuously capture images of targets with unmodulated point light sources, and can simultaneously localize these targets at the server. In particular, MCJO comprises two stages: It first estimates target positions via linear least squares (LLS) from multi-view projection rays; then refines these positions through nonlinear joint optimization to minimize the reprojection error. Simulation results show that MCJO can achieve millimeter-level accuracy, with an improvement of 19% over an LLS-based state-of-the-art algorithm. Experimental results further show that MCJO achieves an average position error as low as 5.63 mm.