# Fine-Tuning ASR for Stuttered Speech: Personalized vs. Generalized Approaches

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.00853 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.00853/

## Key facts

- Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 1 Jun 2025.

## Built on by (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [StutterZero and StutterFormer: End-to-End Speech Conversion for Stuttering Transcription and Correction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.18938/) (2025)
- [Unheard in the Digital Age: Rethinking AI Bias and Speech Diversity](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.18641/) (2026)
- [What Counts as an Error? Dual-Reference Benchmarking for Atypical ASR](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.31112/) (2026)
- [AURA: Uncertainty-Routed Activation Editing for Acoustic Grounding in Speech Foundation Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.23979/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Stuttering -- characterized by involuntary disfluencies such as blocks, prolongations, and repetitions -- is often misinterpreted by automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, resulting in elevated word error rates and making voice-driven technologies inaccessible to people who stutter. The variability of disfluencies across speakers and contexts further complicates ASR training, compounded by limited annotated stuttered speech data. In this paper, we investigate fine-tuning ASRs for stuttered speech, comparing generalized models (trained across multiple speakers) to personalized models tailored to individual speech characteristics. Using a diverse range of voice-AI scenarios, including virtual assistants and video interviews, we evaluate how personalization affects transcription accuracy. Our findings show that personalized ASRs significantly reduce word error rates, especially in spontaneous speech, highlighting the potential of tailored models for more inclusive voice technologies.