# BiggerGait: Unlocking Gait Recognition with Layer-wise Representations from Large Vision Models

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.18132 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.18132/

## Key facts

- Cited by 20 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 55 of its 82 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 23 May 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 55)

- [BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.04805/) (2018)
- [Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.00020/) (2021)
- [Language Models are Few-Shot Learners](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.14165/) (2020)
- [High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10752/) (2021)
- [DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.07193/) (2023)
- [Encoder-Decoder with Atrous Separable Convolution for Semantic Image Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1802.02611/) (2018)
- [Deep High-Resolution Representation Learning for Visual Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.07919/) (2019)
- [Realtime Multi-Person 2D Pose Estimation using Part Affinity Fields](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1611.08050/) (2016)
- [Linguistic Knowledge and Transferability of Contextual Representations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1903.08855/) (2019)
- [Perception Encoder: The best visual embeddings are not at the output of the network](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.13181/) (2025)
- [Layer by Layer: Uncovering Hidden Representations in Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.02013/) (2025)
- [When Attention Sink Emerges in Language Models: An Empirical View](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.10781/) (2024)
- [Self-Correction for Human Parsing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.09777/) (2019)
- [Gait Recognition via Effective Global-Local Feature Representation and Local Temporal Aggregation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.01461/) (2020)
- [GaitGraph: Graph Convolutional Network for Skeleton-Based Gait Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.11228/) (2021)
- [Gait Recognition in the Wild with Dense 3D Representations and A Benchmark](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.02569/) (2022)
- [HyperFace: A Deep Multi-task Learning Framework for Face Detection, Landmark Localization, Pose Estimation, and Gender Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1603.01249/) (2016)
- [Not All Layers of LLMs Are Necessary During Inference](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.02181/) (2024)
- [OpenGait: Revisiting Gait Recognition Toward Better Practicality](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.06597/) (2022)
- [Head2Toe: Utilizing Intermediate Representations for Better Transfer Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.03529/) (2022)
- [GaitSet: Cross-view Gait Recognition through Utilizing Gait as a Deep Set](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.03247/) (2021)
- [LidarGait: Benchmarking 3D Gait Recognition with Point Clouds](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.10598/) (2022)
- [Transformer Layers as Painters](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.09298/) (2024)
- [GaitEdge: Beyond Plain End-to-end Gait Recognition for Better Practicality](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.03972/) (2022)
- [Exploring Deep Models for Practical Gait Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.03301/) (2023)
- [A Comprehensive Survey on Deep Gait Recognition: Algorithms, Datasets and Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.13732/) (2022)
- [BigGait: Learning Gait Representation You Want by Large Vision Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.19122/) (2024)
- [SkeletonGait: Gait Recognition Using Skeleton Maps](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.13444/) (2023)
- [Rethinking Vision-Language Model in Face Forensics: Multi-Modal Interpretable Forged Face Detector](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.20188/) (2025)
- [KeyPoint Relative Position Encoding for Face Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.14852/) (2024)

## Built on by (most cited first, 20 of 20)

- [SCALAR: Scale-wise Controllable Visual Autoregressive Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.19946/) (2025)
- [LocalScore: Local Density-Aware Similarity Scoring for Biometrics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.01012/) (2026)
- [FusionAgent: A Multimodal Agent with Dynamic Model Selection for Human Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.26908/) (2026)
- [DINOv2 Driven Gait Representation Learning for Video-Based Visible-Infrared Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.04281/) (2025)
- [Silhouette-based Gait Foundation Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.00691/) (2025)
- [EventGait: Towards Robust Gait Recognition with Event Streams](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.22139/) (2026)
- [Mesh-Gait: A Unified Framework for Gait Recognition Through Multi-Modal Representation Learning from 2D Silhouettes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.10406/) (2025)
- [Beyond Motion Pattern: An Empirical Study of Physical Forces for Human Motion Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.20451/) (2025)
- [MMGait: Towards Multi-Modal Gait Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.15979/) (2026)
- [GaitProtector: Impersonation-Driven Gait De-Identification via Training-Free Diffusion Latent Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.12431/) (2026)
- [MHRGait: Gait Recognition from Momentum Human Rig Pose](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.29083/) (2026)
- [Decoding Children's Gait Behavior](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.00371/) (2026)
- [SapiensID 2.0: Aligning Human Recognition Foundation Models with Human Perception](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.10497/) (2026)
- [Learning Geometric Invariance for Gait Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.05604/) (2026)
- [SilLang: Improving Gait Recognition with Silhouette Language Encoding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.23976/) (2026)
- [BarbieGait: An Identity-Consistent Synthetic Human Dataset with Versatile Cloth-Changing for Gait Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.12221/) (2026)
- [GaitFace: A Multimodal Dataset for Long-Range Person Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.23542/) (2026)
- [Who Remains, What Changes: Identity Anchored Composed Gait Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.26632/) (2026)
- [MMGait: Benchmarking and Unifying Gait Recognition across Heterogeneous Modalities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.11601/) (2026)
- [Attribute-Centric Vision-Language Alignment for Fine-Grained Gait Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.14589/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Large vision models (LVM) based gait recognition has achieved impressive performance. However, existing LVM-based approaches may overemphasize gait priors while neglecting the intrinsic value of LVM itself, particularly the rich, distinct representations across its multi-layers. To adequately unlock LVM's potential, this work investigates the impact of layer-wise representations on downstream recognition tasks. Our analysis reveals that LVM's intermediate layers offer complementary properties across tasks, integrating them yields an impressive improvement even without rich well-designed gait priors. Building on this insight, we propose a simple and universal baseline for LVM-based gait recognition, termed BiggerGait. Comprehensive evaluations on CCPG, CAISA-B*, SUSTech1K, and CCGRMINI validate the superiority of BiggerGait across both within- and cross-domain tasks, establishing it as a simple yet practical baseline for gait representation learning. All the models and code will be publicly available.