# ViDoRe Benchmark V2: Raising the Bar for Visual Retrieval

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.17166 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.17166/

## Key facts

- Cited by 61 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 22 May 2025.

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 61)

- [VLM2Vec-V2: Advancing Multimodal Embedding for Videos, Images, and Visual Documents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.04590/) (2025)
- [MetaEmbed: Scaling Multimodal Retrieval at Test-Time with Flexible Late Interaction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.18095/) (2025)
- [Llama Nemoretriever Colembed: Top-Performing Text-Image Retrieval Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.05513/) (2025)
- [ViDoRe V3: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Retrieval Augmented Generation in Complex Real-World Scenarios](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.08620/) (2026)
- [ModernVBERT: Towards Smaller Visual Document Retrievers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.01149/) (2025)
- [DocPruner: A Storage-Efficient Framework for Multi-Vector Visual Document Retrieval via Adaptive Patch-Level Embedding Pruning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.23883/) (2025)
- [Guided Query Refinement: Multimodal Hybrid Retrieval with Test-Time Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.05038/) (2025)
- [MRMR: A Realistic and Expert-Level Multidisciplinary Benchmark for Reasoning-Intensive Multimodal Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.09510/) (2025)
- [Nemotron ColEmbed V2: Top-Performing Late Interaction Embedding Models for Visual Document Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.03992/) (2026)
- [Sculpting the Vector Space: Towards Efficient Multi-Vector Visual Document Retrieval via Prune-then-Merge Framework](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.19549/) (2026)
- [Multi-Vector Index Compression in Any Modality](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.21202/) (2026)
- [Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.27295/) (2026)
- [Unlocking Multimodal Document Intelligence: From Current Triumphs to Future Frontiers of Visual Document Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.19961/) (2026)
- [Visual Late Chunking: An Empirical Study of Contextual Chunking for Efficient Visual Document Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.10167/) (2026)
- [WeMM-Embedding: WeChat Multi-Modal Embedding Technical Report](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.24053/) (2026)
- [CausalEmbed: Auto-Regressive Multi-Vector Generation in Latent Space for Visual Document Embedding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.21262/) (2026)
- [LMEB: Long-horizon Memory Embedding Benchmark](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.12572/) (2026)
- [Supervised Fine-Tuning or Contrastive Learning? Towards Better Multimodal LLM Reranking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.14824/) (2025)
- [Structural Anchor Pruning: Training-Free Multi-Vector Compression for Visual Document Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.20107/) (2026)
- [Are We on the Right Way for Assessing Document Retrieval-Augmented Generation?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.03644/) (2025)
- [jina-embeddings-v5-omni: Geometry-preserving Embeddings via Locked Aligned Towers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.08384/) (2026)
- [Beyond the Grid: Layout-Informed Multi-Vector Retrieval with Parsed Visual Document Representations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.01666/) (2026)
- [Annotation-Free Reinforcement Learning Query Rewriting via Verifiable Search Reward](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.23242/) (2025)
- [Attention Grounded Enhancement for Visual Document Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.13415/) (2025)
- [M3DR: Towards Universal Multilingual Multimodal Document Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.03514/) (2025)
- [Magic-MM-Embedding: Towards Visual-Token-Efficient Universal Multimodal Embedding with MLLMs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.05275/) (2026)
- [ReAlign: Optimizing the Visual Document Retriever with Reasoning-Guided Fine-Grained Alignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.07419/) (2026)
- [IRPAPERS: A Visual Document Benchmark for Scientific Retrieval and Question Answering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.17687/) (2026)
- [NanoVDR: Distilling a 2B Vision-Language Retriever into a 70M Text-Only Encoder for Visual Document Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.12824/) (2026)
- [MINER: Mining Multimodal Internal Representation for Efficient Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.06460/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The ViDoRe Benchmark V1 was approaching saturation with top models exceeding 90% nDCG@5, limiting its ability to discern improvements. ViDoRe Benchmark V2 introduces realistic, challenging retrieval scenarios via blind contextual querying, long and cross-document queries, and a hybrid synthetic and human-in-the-loop query generation process. It comprises four diverse, multilingual datasets and provides clear evaluation instructions. Initial results demonstrate substantial room for advancement and highlight insights on model generalization and multilingual capability. This benchmark is designed as a living resource, inviting community contributions to maintain relevance through future evaluations.
