# MOSAAIC: Managing Optimization towards Shared Autonomy, Authority, and Initiative in Co-creation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.11481 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.11481/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 16 May 2025.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Plover: Steering GUI Agents through Plan-Centric Interaction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.15193/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Striking the appropriate balance between humans and co-creative AI is an open research question in computational creativity. Co-creativity, a form of hybrid intelligence where both humans and AI take action proactively, is a process that leads to shared creative artifacts and ideas. Achieving a balanced dynamic in co-creativity requires characterizing control and identifying strategies to distribute control between humans and AI. We define control as the power to determine, initiate, and direct the process of co-creation. Informed by a systematic literature review of 172 full-length papers, we introduce MOSAAIC (Managing Optimization towards Shared Autonomy, Authority, and Initiative in Co-creation), a novel framework for characterizing and balancing control in co-creation. MOSAAIC identifies three key dimensions of control: autonomy, initiative, and authority. We supplement our framework with control optimization strategies in co-creation. To demonstrate MOSAAIC's applicability, we analyze the distribution of control in six existing co-creative AI case studies and present the implications of using this framework.