# Large Language Model Use Impact Locus of Control

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.11406 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.11406/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 4 of its 29 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 16 May 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [Co-Writing with Opinionated Language Models Affects Users' Views](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.00560/) (2023)
- [Human heuristics for AI-generated language are flawed](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.07271/) (2022)
- [The Role of Inclusion, Control, and Ownership in Workplace AI-Mediated Communication](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.11599/) (2023)
- [From Text to Self: Users' Perceptions of Potential of AI on Interpersonal Communication and Self](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.03976/) (2023)

## Abstract (arXiv)

As AI tools increasingly shape how we write, they may also quietly reshape how we perceive ourselves. This paper explores the psychological impact of co-writing with AI on people's locus of control. Through an empirical study with 462 participants, we found that employment status plays a critical role in shaping users' reliance on AI and their locus of control. Current results demonstrated that employed participants displayed higher reliance on AI and a shift toward internal control, while unemployed users tended to experience a reduction in personal agency. Through quantitative results and qualitative observations, this study opens a broader conversation about AI's role in shaping personal agency and identity.