# Recent Advances and Future Directions in Extended Reality (XR): Exploring AI-Powered Spatial Intelligence

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.15970 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.15970/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 4 of its 17 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 22 Apr 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [Agent AI: Surveying the Horizons of Multimodal Interaction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.03568/) (2024)
- [A Comprehensive Review of Multimodal XR Applications, Risks, and Ethical Challenges in the Metaverse](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.04508/) (2024)
- [XR-VIO: High-precision Visual Inertial Odometry with Fast Initialization for XR Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.01297/) (2025)
- [Comparing Pass-Through Quality of Mixed Reality Devices: A User Experience Study During Real-World Tasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.06382/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Extended Reality (XR), encompassing Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR) and Mixed Reality (MR), is a transformative technology bridging the physical and virtual world and it has diverse potential which will be ubiquitous in the future. This review examines XR's evolution through foundational framework - hardware ranging from monitors to sensors and software ranging from visual tasks to user interface; highlights state of the art (SOTA) XR products with the comparison and analysis of performance based on their foundational framework; discusses how commercial XR devices can support the demand of high-quality performance focusing on spatial intelligence. For future directions, attention should be given to the integration of multi-modal AI and IoT-driven digital twins to enable adaptive XR systems. With the concept of spatial intelligence, future XR should establish a new digital space with realistic experience that benefits humanity. This review underscores the pivotal role of AI in unlocking XR as the next frontier in human-computer interaction.