# Bregman-Hausdorff divergence: strengthening the connections between computational geometry and machine learning

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.07322 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.07322/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 6 of its 52 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 9 Apr 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 6 of 6)

- [EfficientNet: Rethinking Model Scaling for Convolutional Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.11946/) (2019)
- [Efficient and robust approximate nearest neighbor search using Hierarchical Navigable Small World graphs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1603.09320/) (2016)
- [Reducing the Hausdorff Distance in Medical Image Segmentation with Convolutional Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.10030/) (2019)
- [BrePartition: Optimized High-Dimensional kNN Search with Bregman Distances](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.00227/) (2020)
- [Topological Data Analysis with Bregman Divergences](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1607.06274/) (2016)
- [Fast Kd-trees for the Kullback--Leibler Divergence and other Decomposable Bregman Divergences](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.13425/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The purpose of this paper is twofold. On a technical side, we propose an extension of the Hausdorff distance from metric spaces to spaces equipped with asymmetric distance measures. Specifically, we focus on the family of Bregman divergences, which includes the popular Kullback--Leibler divergence (also known as relative entropy). As a proof of concept, we use the resulting Bregman--Hausdorff divergence to compare two collections of probabilistic predictions produced by different machine learning models trained using the relative entropy loss. The algorithms we propose are surprisingly efficient even for large inputs with hundreds of dimensions. In addition to the introduction of this technical concept, we provide a survey. It outlines the basics of Bregman geometry, as well as computational geometry algorithms. We focus on algorithms that are compatible with this geometry and are relevant for machine learning.