# Design of AI-Powered Tool for Self-Regulation Support in Programming Education

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.03068 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.03068/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 10 of its 32 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 3 Apr 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 10 of 10)

- [Programming Is Hard -- Or at Least It Used to Be: Educational Opportunities And Challenges of AI Code Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.01020/) (2022)
- [Studying the effect of AI Code Generators on Supporting Novice Learners in Introductory Programming](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.07427/) (2023)
- [CodeAid: Evaluating a Classroom Deployment of an LLM-based Programming Assistant that Balances Student and Educator Needs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.11314/) (2024)
- [Is ChatGPT the Ultimate Programming Assistant -- How far is it?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.11938/) (2023)
- [CodeHelp: Using Large Language Models with Guardrails for Scalable Support in Programming Classes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.06921/) (2023)
- [Thrilled by Your Progress! Large Language Models (GPT-4) No Longer Struggle to Pass Assessments in Higher Education Programming Courses](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.10073/) (2023)
- [Generative AI for Programming Education: Benchmarking ChatGPT, GPT-4, and Human Tutors](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.17156/) (2023)
- [Large Language Models (GPT) for automating feedback on programming assignments](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.00150/) (2023)
- [GPTutor: a ChatGPT-powered programming tool for code explanation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.01863/) (2023)
- [Enhancing Programming Education with ChatGPT: A Case Study on Student Perceptions and Interactions in a Python Course](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.15472/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Large Language Model (LLM) tools have demonstrated their potential to deliver high-quality assistance by providing instant, personalized feedback that is crucial for effective programming education. However, many of these tools operate independently from institutional Learning Management Systems, which creates a significant disconnect. This isolation limits the ability to leverage learning materials and exercise context for generating tailored, context-aware feedback. Furthermore, previous research on self-regulated learning and LLM support mainly focused on knowledge acquisition, not the development of important self-regulation skills. To address these challenges, we developed CodeRunner Agent, an LLM-based programming assistant that integrates the CodeRunner, a student-submitted code executing and automated grading plugin in Moodle. CodeRunner Agent empowers educators to customize AI-generated feedback by incorporating detailed context from lecture materials, programming questions, student answers, and execution results. Additionally, it enhances students' self-regulated learning by providing strategy-based AI responses. This integrated, context-aware, and skill-focused approach offers promising avenues for data-driven improvements in programming education.