# RASP: Revisiting 3D Anamorphic Art for Shadow-Guided Packing of Irregular Objects

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.02465 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.02465/

## Key facts

- Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 9 of its 52 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 3 Apr 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 9 of 9)

- [Dual Octree Graph Networks for Learning Adaptive Volumetric Shape Representations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.02825/) (2022)
- [Solving a New 3D Bin Packing Problem with Deep Reinforcement Learning Method](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1708.05930/) (2017)
- [SilNet : Single- and Multi-View Reconstruction by Learning from Silhouettes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1711.07888/) (2017)
- [Fantastic Breaks: A Dataset of Paired 3D Scans of Real-World Broken Objects and Their Complete Counterparts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.14152/) (2023)
- [TAP-Net: Transport-and-Pack using Reinforcement Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2009.01469/) (2020)
- [Learning Physically Realizable Skills for Online Packing of General 3D Shapes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.02094/) (2022)
- [Shadow Art Revisited: A Differentiable Rendering Based Approach](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.14539/) (2021)
- [ScribGen: Generating Scribble Art Through Metaheuristics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.08673/) (2024)
- [Search Me Knot, Render Me Knot: Embedding Search and Differentiable Rendering of Knots in 3D](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.08652/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [Stroke of Surprise: Progressive Semantic Illusions in Vector Sketching](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.12280/) (2026)
- [AdapToPASS: Ambiguity-aware Adaptive Spherical Transformer for Panoramic Semantic Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.29081/) (2026)
- [JanusMesh: Fast and Zero-Shot 3D Visual Illusion Generation via Cross-Space Denoising](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.20563/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Recent advancements in learning-based methods have opened new avenues for exploring and interpreting art forms, such as shadow art, origami, and sketch art, through computational models. One notable visual art form is 3D Anamorphic Art in which an ensemble of arbitrarily shaped 3D objects creates a realistic and meaningful expression when observed from a particular viewpoint and loses its coherence over the other viewpoints. In this work, we build on insights from 3D Anamorphic Art to perform 3D object arrangement. We introduce RASP, a differentiable-rendering-based framework to arrange arbitrarily shaped 3D objects within a bounded volume via shadow (or silhouette)-guided optimization with an aim of minimal inter-object spacing and near-maximal occupancy. Furthermore, we propose a novel SDF-based formulation to handle inter-object intersection and container extrusion. We demonstrate that RASP can be extended to part assembly alongside object packing considering 3D objects to be "parts" of another 3D object. Finally, we present artistic illustrations of multi-view anamorphic art, achieving meaningful expressions from multiple viewpoints within a single ensemble.