# Leveraging Modality Tags for Enhanced Cross-Modal Video Retrieval

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.01591 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.01591/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 72 of its 95 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 2 Apr 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 72)

- [Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.00020/) (2021)
- [The Llama 3 Herd of Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.21783/) (2024)
- [LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.13971/) (2023)
- [Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.09288/) (2023)
- [Visual Instruction Tuning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.08485/) (2023)
- [BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.12597/) (2023)
- [Video-LLaMA: An Instruction-tuned Audio-Visual Language Model for Video Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.02858/) (2023)
- [Frozen in Time: A Joint Video and Image Encoder for End-to-End Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.00650/) (2021)
- [PEGASUS: Pre-training with Extracted Gap-sentences for Abstractive Summarization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.08777/) (2019)
- [HowTo100M: Learning a Text-Video Embedding by Watching Hundred Million Narrated Video Clips](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1906.03327/) (2019)
- [VideoLLaMA 2: Advancing Spatial-Temporal Modeling and Audio Understanding in Video-LLMs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.07476/) (2024)
- [Localizing Moments in Video with Natural Language](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1708.01641/) (2017)
- [CLIP4Clip: An Empirical Study of CLIP for End to End Video Clip Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.08860/) (2021)
- [Towards Automatic Learning of Procedures from Web Instructional Videos](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1703.09788/) (2017)
- [Hollywood in Homes: Crowdsourcing Data Collection for Activity Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1604.01753/) (2016)
- [Multi-modal Transformer for Video Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.10639/) (2020)
- [A Survey of Hallucination in Large Foundation Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.05922/) (2023)
- [InternVideo2: Scaling Foundation Models for Multimodal Video Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.15377/) (2024)
- [CLIP2Video: Mastering Video-Text Retrieval via Image CLIP](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.11097/) (2021)
- [Learning Video Representations from Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.04501/) (2022)
- [Exploring the Limits of Language Modeling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1602.02410/) (2016)
- [VAST: A Vision-Audio-Subtitle-Text Omni-Modality Foundation Model and Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.18500/) (2023)
- [X-Pool: Cross-Modal Language-Video Attention for Text-Video Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.15086/) (2022)
- [TGIF: A New Dataset and Benchmark on Animated GIF Description](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1604.02748/) (2016)
- [Language Models with Image Descriptors are Strong Few-Shot Video-Language Learners](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.10747/) (2022)
- [Improving Video-Text Retrieval by Multi-Stream Corpus Alignment and Dual Softmax Loss](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.04290/) (2021)
- [TS2-Net: Token Shift and Selection Transformer for Text-Video Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.07852/) (2022)
- [T2VLAD: Global-Local Sequence Alignment for Text-Video Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.10054/) (2021)
- [Cap4Video: What Can Auxiliary Captions Do for Text-Video Retrieval?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.00184/) (2022)
- [HiT: Hierarchical Transformer with Momentum Contrast for Video-Text Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.15049/) (2021)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [MUVR: A Multi-Modal Untrimmed Video Retrieval Benchmark with Multi-Level Visual Correspondence](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.21406/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Video retrieval requires aligning visual content with corresponding natural language descriptions. In this paper, we introduce Modality Auxiliary Concepts for Video Retrieval (MAC-VR), a novel approach that leverages modality-specific tags -- automatically extracted from foundation models -- to enhance video retrieval. We propose to align modalities in a latent space, along with learning and aligning auxiliary latent concepts derived from the features of a video and its corresponding caption. We introduce these auxiliary concepts to improve the alignment of visual and textual latent concepts, allowing concepts to be distinguished from one another. We conduct extensive experiments on six diverse datasets: two different splits of MSR-VTT, DiDeMo, TGIF, Charades and YouCook2. The experimental results consistently demonstrate that modality-specific tags improve cross-modal alignment, outperforming current state-of-the-art methods across three datasets and performing comparably or better across others. Project Webpage: https://adrianofragomeni.github.io/MAC-VR/