# NeuRaLaTeX: A machine learning library written in pure LaTeX

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.24187 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.24187/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 4 of its 10 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 31 Mar 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [Attention Is All You Need](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.03762/) (2017)
- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [PyTorch: An Imperative Style, High-Performance Deep Learning Library](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.01703/) (2019)
- [AMOR: Ambiguous Authorship Order](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.00994/) (2024)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [.tmu: A Low-Entropy Tree-Structured Representation for LLM-Assisted Scientific Writing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.02873/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

In this paper, we introduce NeuRaLaTeX, which we believe to be the first deep learning library written entirely in LaTeX. As part of your LaTeX document you can specify the architecture of a neural network and its loss functions, define how to generate or load training data, and specify training hyperparameters and experiments. When the document is compiled, the LaTeX compiler will generate or load training data, train the network, run experiments, and generate figures. This paper generates a random 100 point spiral dataset, trains a two layer MLP on it, evaluates on a different random spiral dataset, produces plots and tables of results. The paper took 48 hours to compile and the entire source code for NeuRaLaTeX is contained within the source code of the paper. We propose two new metrics: the Written In Latex (WIL) metric measures the proportion of a machine learning library that is written in pure LaTeX, while the Source Code Of Method in Source Code of Paper (SCOMISCOP) metric measures the proportion of a paper's implementation that is contained within the paper source. We are state-of-the-art for both metrics, outperforming the ResNet and Transformer papers, as well as the PyTorch and Tensorflow libraries. Source code, documentation, videos, crypto scams and an invitation to invest in the commercialisation of NeuRaLaTeX are available at https://www.neuralatex.com