# PS-EIP: Robust Photometric Stereo Based on Event Interval Profile

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.18341 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.18341/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 25 of its 70 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 24 Mar 2025.

## Builds on (most cited first, 25 of 25)

- [HATS: Histograms of Averaged Time Surfaces for Robust Event-based Object Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.07913/) (2018)
- [Events-to-Video: Bringing Modern Computer Vision to Event Cameras](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.08298/) (2019)
- [Bringing a Blurry Frame Alive at High Frame-Rate with an Event Camera](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1811.10180/) (2018)
- [Event-based Moving Object Detection and Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.04523/) (2018)
- [Asynchronous, Photometric Feature Tracking using Events and Frames](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.09713/) (2018)
- [Event-based High Dynamic Range Image and Very High Frame Rate Video Generation using Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1811.08230/) (2018)
- [PS-FCN: A Flexible Learning Framework for Photometric Stereo](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.08696/) (2018)
- [Real-Time Intensity-Image Reconstruction for Event Cameras Using Manifold Regularisation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1607.06283/) (2016)
- [Self-calibrating Deep Photometric Stereo Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1903.07366/) (2019)
- [CNN-PS: CNN-based Photometric Stereo for General Non-Convex Surfaces](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1808.10093/) (2018)
- [Neural Inverse Rendering for General Reflectance Photometric Stereo](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1802.10328/) (2018)
- [Uncalibrated Neural Inverse Rendering for Photometric Stereo of General Surfaces](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2012.06777/) (2020)
- [Scalable, Detailed and Mask-Free Universal Photometric Stereo](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.15724/) (2023)
- [Realtime Time Synchronized Event-based Stereo](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.09025/) (2018)
- [Neural Reflectance for Shape Recovery with Shadow Handling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.12909/) (2022)
- [SPLINE-Net: Sparse Photometric Stereo through Lighting Interpolation and Normal Estimation Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.04088/) (2019)
- [ESL: Event-based Structured Light](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.15510/) (2021)
- [PX-NET: Simple and Efficient Pixel-Wise Training of Photometric Stereo Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2008.04933/) (2020)
- [Universal Photometric Stereo Network using Global Lighting Contexts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.02452/) (2022)
- [Self-calibrating Photometric Stereo by Neural Inverse Rendering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.07815/) (2022)
- [Event-based Shape from Polarization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.06855/) (2023)
- [Shape and Spatially-Varying Reflectance Estimation From Virtual Exemplars](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.05278/) (2015)
- [PS-Transformer: Learning Sparse Photometric Stereo Network using Self-Attention Mechanism](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.11386/) (2022)
- [DeepPS2: Revisiting Photometric Stereo Using Two Differently Illuminated Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.02025/) (2022)
- [Physics-Free Spectrally Multiplexed Photometric Stereo under Unknown Spectral Composition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.20716/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Recently, the energy-efficient photometric stereo method using an event camera has been proposed to recover surface normals from events triggered by changes in logarithmic Lambertian reflections under a moving directional light source. However, EventPS treats each event interval independently, making it sensitive to noise, shadows, and non-Lambertian reflections. This paper proposes Photometric Stereo based on Event Interval Profile (PS-EIP), a robust method that recovers pixelwise surface normals from a time-series profile of event intervals. By exploiting the continuity of the profile and introducing an outlier detection method based on profile shape, our approach enhances robustness against outliers from shadows and specular reflections. Experiments using real event data from 3D-printed objects demonstrate that PS-EIP significantly improves robustness to outliers compared to EventPS's deep-learning variant, EventPS-FCN, without relying on deep learning.